Package: toeclim Type: Package Title: Time of Emergence of Climate Signals from Internal Variability Version: 0.1.0 Authors@R: person("Abul Kashem Faruki", "Fahim", , "farukifahim@du.ac.bd", role = c("aut", "cre", "cph"), comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0002-8554-4730")) Description: Detects when a forced climate change signal emerges from internal variability ('time of emergence') in annual climate time series such as temperature or precipitation. The signal is estimated with a linear, quadratic or locally weighted smoother and compared with noise estimated from a baseline period. Emergence is defined through configurable signal-to-noise thresholds and persistence rules. Uncertainty in the time of emergence is quantified by autoregressive or moving-block bootstrap resampling. Helpers are provided for multi-member ensembles, threshold sensitivity, anomaly and annual aggregation, Mann-Kendall trend tests with trend-free prewhitening, and synthetic data generation. The approach builds on Hawkins and Sutton (2012) , Yue et al. (2002) and Sen (1968) . License: MIT + file LICENSE Depends: R (>= 3.5.0) Imports: graphics, grDevices, stats Suggests: knitr, rmarkdown, testthat (>= 3.0.0) VignetteBuilder: knitr Config/testthat/edition: 3 Encoding: UTF-8 LazyData: true RoxygenNote: 7.3.1 NeedsCompilation: no Packaged: 2026-10-10 14:14:37 UTC; root Author: Abul Kashem Faruki Fahim [aut, cre, cph] (ORCID: ) Maintainer: Abul Kashem Faruki Fahim Repository: https://cran.r-universe.dev Date/Publication: 2026-10-10 13:53:45 UTC RemoteUrl: https://github.com/cran/toeclim RemoteRef: HEAD RemoteSha: e97e1f74c7a167abbb75c41eb468b5e7255d6b48