Title: | Plotting Multi-Dimensional Data - Using 'rgl' |
---|---|
Description: | The 'rgl' implementation of plot3D functions. |
Authors: | Karline Soetaert <[email protected]> |
Maintainer: | Karline Soetaert <[email protected]> |
License: | GPL (>= 3.0) |
Version: | 1.0.4 |
Built: | 2024-11-27 06:51:04 UTC |
Source: | CRAN |
rgl
.
Package plot3Drgl
provides an interface from package
plot3D
to package rgl
.
It will plot most (but not all) features from plots generated with plot3D
,
except for the color keys and polygons.
It also also includes rgl implementations of 2-D functions (arrows, points, contours, images), which can be zoomed, moved, and sections selected.
Karline Soetaert
Functions from R-package plot3D
.
Functions from R-package rgl
.
For 3-D graphs:
plotrgl the main function that translates plot3D graphs to rgl.
For 2-D graphs:
arrows2Drgl creates 2-D arrow plots.
scatter2Drgl for point and line plots.
image2Drgl, contour2Drgl an rgl implementation of the image and contour functions.
Apart from the usual zooming, it is also possible to move the figure in the rgl window (based on an example in the rgl package).
Rectangular areas can be selected from rgl plots, using cutrgl while uncutrgl will restore the original plot.
cutrgl
zooms in on a selected region of the plot. It overwrites the current plot.
Selection is done by dragging over the plot, with the left mousekey clicked.
croprgl
zooms in on a region of the plot defined by the axes limits.
It overwrites the current plot.
uncutrgl
and uncroprgl
restore the original plot, but keep the current orientation.
cutrgl (...) croprgl (xlim = NULL, ylim = NULL, zlim = NULL, ...) uncutrgl (...) uncroprgl(...)
cutrgl (...) croprgl (xlim = NULL, ylim = NULL, zlim = NULL, ...) uncutrgl (...) uncroprgl(...)
xlim , ylim , zlim
|
The limits of the plot. |
... |
Any argument that can be passed to the function plotrgl,
e.g argument |
Returns the updated plotting list. See plotdev.
Both functions will not work when another active rgl window has been opened.
In that case, cutrgl
will freeze R, and the escape key should be used.
Karline Soetaert <[email protected]>
material3d, par3d for rgl
arguments that can be passed to
the function.
## Not run: ribbon3D(z = volcano, zlim= c(-100, 200), image = TRUE, plot = FALSE) plotrgl(new = TRUE) # new window cutrgl() # select region with left mouse cutrgl() # second selection uncutrgl() # original restored ## End(Not run)
## Not run: ribbon3D(z = volcano, zlim= c(-100, 200), image = TRUE, plot = FALSE) plotrgl(new = TRUE) # new window cutrgl() # select region with left mouse cutrgl() # second selection uncutrgl() # original restored ## End(Not run)
image2Drgl
plots an image in rgl.
contour2Drgl
creates a contourplot in rgl.
scatter2Drgl
creates a scatterplot (lineplot, points, ...) in rgl.
points2Drgl
is shorthand for scatter2Drgl(..., type = "p")
lines2Drgl
is shorthand for scatter2Drgl(..., type = "l")
arrows2Drgl
and segments3D
plot arrows and segments in rgl.
text2Drgl
plots labels in rgl.
These functions were implemented for their side effect that rgl plots can be zoomed, translocated, rectangular selections taken.
image2Drgl (z, x = seq(0, 1, length.out = nrow(z)), y = seq(0, 1, length.out = ncol(z)), ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, border = NA, facets = TRUE, colkey = NULL, contour = FALSE, smooth = FALSE, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, shade = NA, inttype = 1, dz = 0, add = FALSE) contour2Drgl (z, x = seq(0, 1, length.out = nrow(z)), y = seq(0, 1, length.out = ncol(z)), ..., col = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) scatter2Drgl (x, y, colvar = NULL, ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, CI = NULL, dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) text2Drgl (x, y, labels, colvar = NULL, ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) arrows2Drgl (x0, y0, x1, y1, colvar = NULL, ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, type = "simple", dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) segments2Drgl (x0, y0, x1, y1, colvar = NULL, ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) rect2Drgl (x0, y0, x1, y1, colvar = NULL, ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) lines2Drgl(x, y, ...) points2Drgl(x, y, ...)
image2Drgl (z, x = seq(0, 1, length.out = nrow(z)), y = seq(0, 1, length.out = ncol(z)), ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, border = NA, facets = TRUE, colkey = NULL, contour = FALSE, smooth = FALSE, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, shade = NA, inttype = 1, dz = 0, add = FALSE) contour2Drgl (z, x = seq(0, 1, length.out = nrow(z)), y = seq(0, 1, length.out = ncol(z)), ..., col = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) scatter2Drgl (x, y, colvar = NULL, ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, CI = NULL, dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) text2Drgl (x, y, labels, colvar = NULL, ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) arrows2Drgl (x0, y0, x1, y1, colvar = NULL, ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, type = "simple", dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) segments2Drgl (x0, y0, x1, y1, colvar = NULL, ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) rect2Drgl (x0, y0, x1, y1, colvar = NULL, ..., col = NULL, NAcol = "white", breaks = NULL, colkey = NULL, clim = NULL, clab = NULL, dz = 0.1, add = FALSE) lines2Drgl(x, y, ...) points2Drgl(x, y, ...)
x , y
|
Vectors with the x- and y- values. |
z |
The variable used for coloring the image plot, or containing the values to be plotted for the contour plot. |
x0 , y0
|
coordinates of points from which to draw the arrows. |
x1 , y1
|
coordinates of points to which to draw the arrows. At least one must be supplied. |
colvar |
The variable used for coloring the scatter plot or the arrows.
If |
labels |
The text to be written. A vector of length equal to length of x, y. |
col |
Color palette to be used for the |
NAcol |
Color to be used for |
breaks |
a set of finite numeric breakpoints for the colors; must have one more breakpoint than color and be in increasing order. Unsorted vectors will be sorted, with a warning. |
border |
The color of the lines drawn around the surface facets.
The default, |
facets |
If |
shade |
the degree of shading of the surface facets. Values of shade close to one yield shading similar to a point light source model and values close to zero produce no shading. Creates the illusion of perspective. See persp. |
contour |
If |
smooth |
Logical, specifying whether Gouraud shading (smooth)
or flat shading should be used. (if |
colkey |
A logical, NULL (default), or a list with parameters for the
color key (legend). Not all arguments from the original colkey function
from |
clim |
Only if |
clab |
Only if |
inttype |
The interpolation type to create the polygons, either
interpolating the |
CI |
A |
type |
The type of the arrow head, one of |
dz |
The 'layer depth', The z-position is defined as 1 + dz. |
add |
Logical. If |
... |
additional arguments passed to the plotting methods.
The following persp arguments can be specified:
Also the arguments The arguments after ... must be matched exactly. |
The first step in 2D rgl plotting consists in calling a 3-D function from package plot3D
with argument plot
set to FALSE
.
image2Drgl
and contour2Drgl
call the image3D and contour3D
functions of R-package plot3D
, with colvar
equal to z
.
Functions scatter2Drgl
and arrows2Drgl
call scatter3D and arrows3D.
The z value argument to the 3-D functions is set equal to 1 + dz
;
For contour3D
, scatter3D
and arrows3D
, it is by default equal to 1.1
,
while for image3D
it is 1
.
This way, contours, points, segments and arrows will be drawn on top of the image.
The next step is to create a 3-D rgl plot, by calling plotrgl.
After that, the viewing arguments are set equal to
view3d(phi = 0, fov = 0)
, i.e. the plot is viewed at from the top.
The actions of the mouse on the plots is to zoom (left, middle), and to move it (right key).
Karline Soetaert <[email protected]>
image3D, contour3D, scatter3D, segments3D, text3D and arrows3D on which the functions are based.
image2D, contour2D, scatter2D, segments2D,
text2D, arrows2D
for plot3D
's functions, to plot in ordinary R graphics.
cutrgl for cutting a rectangular region from the 2D plot.
## ======================================================================= ## image and points ## ======================================================================= image2Drgl(z = volcano, contour = TRUE, main = "volcano") scatter2Drgl(x = seq(0, 1, by = 0.2), y = seq(0, 1, by = 0.2), cex = 3, add = TRUE) ## Not run: cutrgl() # select a rectangle uncutrgl() ## End(Not run) ## ======================================================================= ## scatter points, and lines ## ======================================================================= scatter2Drgl(cars[,1], cars[,2], xlab = "speed", ylab = "dist") ## Not run: cutrgl() ## End(Not run) lc <- lowess(cars) scatter2Drgl(lc$x, lc$y, type = "l", add = TRUE, lwd = 4) ## Not run: cutrgl() uncutrgl() ## End(Not run) ## ======================================================================= ## confidence intervals ## ======================================================================= x <- sort(rnorm(10)) y <- runif(10) cv <- sqrt(x^2 + y^2) CI <- list(lwd = 2) CI$x <- matrix (nrow = length(x), ncol = 2, data = rep(0.125, 2*length(x))) scatter2D(x, y, colvar = cv, pch = 16, cex = 2, CI = CI) scatter2Drgl(x, y, colvar = cv, cex = 2, CI = CI) ## ======================================================================= ## arrows ## ======================================================================= arrows2Drgl(x0 = 100*runif(30), y0 = runif(30), x1 = 100*runif(30), y1 = runif(30), length = 0.1*runif(30), col = 1:30, angle = 15:45, type = c("simple", "triangle"), lwd = 2) x0 <- 1:30 x1 <- 2:31 arrows2Drgl(x0 = x0, y0 = sin(x0), x1 = x1, y1 = sin(x1), colvar = x1, lwd = 2)
## ======================================================================= ## image and points ## ======================================================================= image2Drgl(z = volcano, contour = TRUE, main = "volcano") scatter2Drgl(x = seq(0, 1, by = 0.2), y = seq(0, 1, by = 0.2), cex = 3, add = TRUE) ## Not run: cutrgl() # select a rectangle uncutrgl() ## End(Not run) ## ======================================================================= ## scatter points, and lines ## ======================================================================= scatter2Drgl(cars[,1], cars[,2], xlab = "speed", ylab = "dist") ## Not run: cutrgl() ## End(Not run) lc <- lowess(cars) scatter2Drgl(lc$x, lc$y, type = "l", add = TRUE, lwd = 4) ## Not run: cutrgl() uncutrgl() ## End(Not run) ## ======================================================================= ## confidence intervals ## ======================================================================= x <- sort(rnorm(10)) y <- runif(10) cv <- sqrt(x^2 + y^2) CI <- list(lwd = 2) CI$x <- matrix (nrow = length(x), ncol = 2, data = rep(0.125, 2*length(x))) scatter2D(x, y, colvar = cv, pch = 16, cex = 2, CI = CI) scatter2Drgl(x, y, colvar = cv, cex = 2, CI = CI) ## ======================================================================= ## arrows ## ======================================================================= arrows2Drgl(x0 = 100*runif(30), y0 = runif(30), x1 = 100*runif(30), y1 = runif(30), length = 0.1*runif(30), col = 1:30, angle = 15:45, type = c("simple", "triangle"), lwd = 2) x0 <- 1:30 x1 <- 2:31 arrows2Drgl(x0 = x0, y0 = sin(x0), x1 = x1, y1 = sin(x1), colvar = x1, lwd = 2)
Functions persp3Drgl
, ribbon3Drgl
, hist3Drgl
produce perspective plots
using rgl; they are similar to functions persp3D, ribbon3D, hist3D
from package plot3D
.
Functions scatter3Drgl
, points3Drgl
, lines3D
, segments3Drgl
produce scatter plots and line plots
using rgl; they are similar to functions scatter3D, points3D, lines3D, segments3D from package plot3D
.
Functions slice3Drgl
, points3Drgl
, isosurf3Drgl
, voxel3Drgl
can
visualise volumetric (3D) data using rgl;
they are similar to functions slice3D, slicecont3D, isosurf3D, voxel3D from package plot3D
.
Functions surf3Drgl
, spheresurf3Drgl
produce surface plots
using rgl; they are similar to functions surf3D, spheresurf3D from package plot3D
.
Functions box3Drgl
, border3Drgl
, rect3Drgl
, text3Drgl
produce boxes, rectangles, texts to 3D plots
using rgl; they are similar to functions box3D, border3D, rect3D, text3Drgl from package plot3D
.
persp3Drgl(...) ribbon3Drgl(...) hist3Drgl(...) scatter3Drgl(...) points3Drgl(...) lines3Drgl(...) slice3Drgl(...) slicecont3Drgl(...) isosurf3Drgl(...) voxel3Drgl(...) triangle3Drgl(...) surf3Drgl(...) spheresurf3Drgl(...) segments3Drgl(...) image3Drgl(...) contour3Drgl(...) box3Drgl(...) border3Drgl(...) rect3Drgl(...) text3Drgl(...)
persp3Drgl(...) ribbon3Drgl(...) hist3Drgl(...) scatter3Drgl(...) points3Drgl(...) lines3Drgl(...) slice3Drgl(...) slicecont3Drgl(...) isosurf3Drgl(...) voxel3Drgl(...) triangle3Drgl(...) surf3Drgl(...) spheresurf3Drgl(...) segments3Drgl(...) image3Drgl(...) contour3Drgl(...) box3Drgl(...) border3Drgl(...) rect3Drgl(...) text3Drgl(...)
... |
arguments passed to the plotting methods of package |
The first step in 3D rgl plotting consists in calling the corresponding 3-D function from package plot3D
with argument plot
set to FALSE
.
The next step is to create a 3-D rgl plot, by calling plotrgl.
The actions of the mouse on the plots is to zoom (left, middle), and to move it (right key).
Karline Soetaert <[email protected]>
plotdev to plot first in ordinary R graphics and then in rgl
for plotrgl to plot first in ordinary R graphics and then in rgl
cutrgl for cutting a rectangular region from the rgl plot.
## ======================================================================= ## perspective plots ## ======================================================================= persp3Drgl(z = volcano, contour = list(side = "zmax")) # ribbon, in x--direction V <- volcano[seq(1, nrow(volcano), by = 5), seq(1, ncol(volcano), by = 5)] # lower resolution ribbon3Drgl(z = V, ticktype = "detailed") hist3Drgl(z = V, col = "grey", border = "black", lighting = TRUE) ## Not run: cutrgl() # select a rectangle uncutrgl() ## End(Not run) ## ======================================================================= ## scatter points ## ======================================================================= with(quakes, scatter3Drgl(x = long, y = lat, z = -depth, colvar = mag, cex = 3)) plotdev() # plots same on oridinary device... ## ======================================================================= ## 3D surface ## ======================================================================= M <- mesh(seq(0, 2*pi, length.out = 50), seq(0, 2*pi, length.out = 50)) u <- M$x ; v <- M$y x <- sin(u) y <- sin(v) z <- sin(u + v) # alpha makes colors transparent surf3Drgl(x, y, z, colvar = z, border = "black", smooth = TRUE, alpha = 0.2) ## ======================================================================= ## volumetric data ## ======================================================================= x <- y <- z <- seq(-4, 4, by = 0.2) M <- mesh(x, y, z) R <- with (M, sqrt(x^2 + y^2 + z^2)) p <- sin(2*R) /(R+1e-3) slice3Drgl(x, y, z, colvar = p, col = jet.col(alpha = 0.5), xs = 0, ys = c(-4, 0, 4), zs = NULL, d = 2)
## ======================================================================= ## perspective plots ## ======================================================================= persp3Drgl(z = volcano, contour = list(side = "zmax")) # ribbon, in x--direction V <- volcano[seq(1, nrow(volcano), by = 5), seq(1, ncol(volcano), by = 5)] # lower resolution ribbon3Drgl(z = V, ticktype = "detailed") hist3Drgl(z = V, col = "grey", border = "black", lighting = TRUE) ## Not run: cutrgl() # select a rectangle uncutrgl() ## End(Not run) ## ======================================================================= ## scatter points ## ======================================================================= with(quakes, scatter3Drgl(x = long, y = lat, z = -depth, colvar = mag, cex = 3)) plotdev() # plots same on oridinary device... ## ======================================================================= ## 3D surface ## ======================================================================= M <- mesh(seq(0, 2*pi, length.out = 50), seq(0, 2*pi, length.out = 50)) u <- M$x ; v <- M$y x <- sin(u) y <- sin(v) z <- sin(u + v) # alpha makes colors transparent surf3Drgl(x, y, z, colvar = z, border = "black", smooth = TRUE, alpha = 0.2) ## ======================================================================= ## volumetric data ## ======================================================================= x <- y <- z <- seq(-4, 4, by = 0.2) M <- mesh(x, y, z) R <- with (M, sqrt(x^2 + y^2 + z^2)) p <- sin(2*R) /(R+1e-3) slice3Drgl(x, y, z, colvar = p, col = jet.col(alpha = 0.5), xs = 0, ys = c(-4, 0, 4), zs = NULL, d = 2)
plotrgl
plots objects created with functions from package plot3D
in an rgl window.
plotrgl (lighting = FALSE, new = TRUE, add = FALSE, smooth = FALSE, ...)
plotrgl (lighting = FALSE, new = TRUE, add = FALSE, smooth = FALSE, ...)
lighting |
Logical, when |
new |
Logical, when |
add |
Logical, when |
smooth |
Logical, specifying whether Gouraud shading (smooth)
or flat shading should be used. See material3d from R-package |
... |
Any argument to the |
Arrows are best reproduced with argument type
from the arrows3D
function (package plot3D
) set equal to "cone"
, although this does
not always work well (there is probably a flaw in how it is implemented).
Another option is to use type = "triangle"
, which simply maps the arrows
on the xy-plane, ignoring the z-axis.
In this case, only a view from above (phi = 0) will produce symmetric arrowheads
(when scale = TRUE
and expand = 1
).
The translation of scatter3D ignores the pch
argument but displays
all symbols as squares (if pch = "."
) or as filled circles.
The color key is not (cannot be) plotted in rgl.
In rgl
, both lty
and lwd
have to be one number.
For lwd
, this has been overruled, i.e. line widths can be a vector.
It is still not possible to use different line types in one type of object.
The actions of the mouse on the plots is to rotate (left), to move (middle), and to zoom it (right).
Karline Soetaert <[email protected]>
material3d, par3d for rgl
arguments that can be passed to
the function.
A similar function, plotdev, from package plot3D
plots the
3D graphs to the current device (other than a rgl-device).
Any function of package plot3D
: see e.g. help files of
persp3D, scatter3D, arrows3D, slice3D, surf3D.
Direct rgl functions, see persp3Drgl, scatter3Drgl
, etc....
# save plotting parameters pm <- par("mfrow") pmar <- par("mar") ## ======================================================================= ## Composite image and contour in 3D ## ======================================================================= # plot reduced resolution (for speed) volcano to traditional window: VV <- volcano[seq(1, nrow(volcano), by = 3), seq(1, ncol(volcano), by = 3)] persp3D(z = VV, contour = list(side = "zmax")) plotrgl(new = TRUE) # new window # add light, smooth surface change x-axis limits plotrgl(new = FALSE, lighting = TRUE, xlim = c(0.2, 0.8), smooth = TRUE) # same: # persp3Drgl(z = volcano, contour = list(side = "zmax"), # lighting = TRUE, xlim = c(0.2, 0.8), smooth = TRUE) ## ======================================================================= ## scatters with fitted surface and droplines (see ?scatter3D) ## ======================================================================= par (mfrow = c(1, 1)) with (mtcars, { # linear regression fit <- lm(mpg ~ wt + disp) # predict values on regular xy grid wt.pred <- seq(1.5, 5.5, length.out = 30) disp.pred <- seq(71, 472, length.out = 30) xy <- expand.grid(wt = wt.pred, disp = disp.pred) mpg.pred <- matrix (nrow = 30, ncol = 30, data = predict(fit, newdata = data.frame(xy), interval = "prediction")[,1]) # fitted points for droplines to surface fitpoints <- predict(fit) scatter3D(z = mpg, x = wt, y = disp, pch = 18, cex = 2, theta = 20, phi = 20, ticktype = "detailed", xlab = "wt", ylab = "disp", zlab = "mpg", surf = list(x = wt.pred, y = disp.pred, z = mpg.pred, facets = NA, fit = fitpoints), main = "mtcars") }) plotrgl() ## ======================================================================= ## scatter3D with text ## ======================================================================= with(USArrests, text3D(Murder, Assault, Rape, colvar = UrbanPop, col = gg.col(100), theta = 60, phi = 20, xlab = "Murder", ylab = "Assault", zlab = "Rape", main = "USA arrests", labels = rownames(USArrests), cex = 0.8, bty = "g", ticktype = "detailed", d = 2, clab = c("Urban","Pop"), adj = 0.5, font = 2)) with(USArrests, scatter3D(Murder, Assault, Rape - 1, colvar = UrbanPop, col = gg.col(100), type = "h", pch = ".", add = TRUE)) plotrgl() ## ======================================================================= ## spheresurf3D ## ======================================================================= AA <- Hypsometry$z # log transformation of color variable; full = TRUE to plot both halves spheresurf3D(AA, theta = 90, phi = 30, box = FALSE, full = TRUE, plot = FALSE) # change the way the left mouse reacts plotrgl(mouseMode = c("zAxis", "zoom", "fov")) ## ======================================================================= ## Arrows - has a flaw ## ======================================================================= z <- seq(0, 2*pi, length.out = 100) x <- cos(z) y <- sin(z) z0 <- z[seq(1, by = 10, length.out = 10)] z1 <- z[seq(9, by = 10, length.out = 10)] # cone arrow heads arrows3D(x0 = 10*cos(z0), y0 = sin(z0), z0 = z0, x1 = 10*cos(z1), y1 = sin(z1), z1 = z1, type = "cone", length = 0.4, lwd = 4, angle = 20, col = 1:10, plot = FALSE) plotrgl(lighting = TRUE) ## ======================================================================= ## 2D plot ## ======================================================================= image2D(z = volcano) plotrgl() # reset plotting parameters par(mfrow = pm) par(mar = pmar)
# save plotting parameters pm <- par("mfrow") pmar <- par("mar") ## ======================================================================= ## Composite image and contour in 3D ## ======================================================================= # plot reduced resolution (for speed) volcano to traditional window: VV <- volcano[seq(1, nrow(volcano), by = 3), seq(1, ncol(volcano), by = 3)] persp3D(z = VV, contour = list(side = "zmax")) plotrgl(new = TRUE) # new window # add light, smooth surface change x-axis limits plotrgl(new = FALSE, lighting = TRUE, xlim = c(0.2, 0.8), smooth = TRUE) # same: # persp3Drgl(z = volcano, contour = list(side = "zmax"), # lighting = TRUE, xlim = c(0.2, 0.8), smooth = TRUE) ## ======================================================================= ## scatters with fitted surface and droplines (see ?scatter3D) ## ======================================================================= par (mfrow = c(1, 1)) with (mtcars, { # linear regression fit <- lm(mpg ~ wt + disp) # predict values on regular xy grid wt.pred <- seq(1.5, 5.5, length.out = 30) disp.pred <- seq(71, 472, length.out = 30) xy <- expand.grid(wt = wt.pred, disp = disp.pred) mpg.pred <- matrix (nrow = 30, ncol = 30, data = predict(fit, newdata = data.frame(xy), interval = "prediction")[,1]) # fitted points for droplines to surface fitpoints <- predict(fit) scatter3D(z = mpg, x = wt, y = disp, pch = 18, cex = 2, theta = 20, phi = 20, ticktype = "detailed", xlab = "wt", ylab = "disp", zlab = "mpg", surf = list(x = wt.pred, y = disp.pred, z = mpg.pred, facets = NA, fit = fitpoints), main = "mtcars") }) plotrgl() ## ======================================================================= ## scatter3D with text ## ======================================================================= with(USArrests, text3D(Murder, Assault, Rape, colvar = UrbanPop, col = gg.col(100), theta = 60, phi = 20, xlab = "Murder", ylab = "Assault", zlab = "Rape", main = "USA arrests", labels = rownames(USArrests), cex = 0.8, bty = "g", ticktype = "detailed", d = 2, clab = c("Urban","Pop"), adj = 0.5, font = 2)) with(USArrests, scatter3D(Murder, Assault, Rape - 1, colvar = UrbanPop, col = gg.col(100), type = "h", pch = ".", add = TRUE)) plotrgl() ## ======================================================================= ## spheresurf3D ## ======================================================================= AA <- Hypsometry$z # log transformation of color variable; full = TRUE to plot both halves spheresurf3D(AA, theta = 90, phi = 30, box = FALSE, full = TRUE, plot = FALSE) # change the way the left mouse reacts plotrgl(mouseMode = c("zAxis", "zoom", "fov")) ## ======================================================================= ## Arrows - has a flaw ## ======================================================================= z <- seq(0, 2*pi, length.out = 100) x <- cos(z) y <- sin(z) z0 <- z[seq(1, by = 10, length.out = 10)] z1 <- z[seq(9, by = 10, length.out = 10)] # cone arrow heads arrows3D(x0 = 10*cos(z0), y0 = sin(z0), z0 = z0, x1 = 10*cos(z1), y1 = sin(z1), z1 = z1, type = "cone", length = 0.4, lwd = 4, angle = 20, col = 1:10, plot = FALSE) plotrgl(lighting = TRUE) ## ======================================================================= ## 2D plot ## ======================================================================= image2D(z = volcano) plotrgl() # reset plotting parameters par(mfrow = pm) par(mar = pmar)