Package 'kyotil'

Age Calculation

Description

Calculate age, by Jason P Becker, modified very slightly in how arguments are passed to the function.

Usage

age_calc(dob, enddate = Sys.Date(), units = c("days","months","years"), precise = TRUE)

Arguments

dob	POSIXlt or Date. Birthday
enddate	POSIXlt or Date. Date to compute age
units	string. Choose a unit.
precise	Boolean.

Author(s)

Jason P Becker

References

http://blog.jsonbecker.com/2013/12/calculating-age-with-precision-in-r.html

Examples

age_calc (dob=strptime("29OCT2002", format="%d%b%Y"), 
    enddate=strptime("30OCT2003", format="%d%b%Y"), units='years', precise=TRUE)
age_calc (dob=strptime("29OCT2002", format="%d%b%Y"), 
    enddate=strptime("30DEC2003", format="%d%b%Y"), units='years', precise=FALSE)

---

AUC

Description

AUC methods.

Usage

## S3 method for class 'auc'
coef(object, ...) 
## S3 method for class 'auc'
predict(object, newdata, case.percentage = NULL, ...) 
## S3 method for class 'auc'
print(x, ...) 
## S3 method for class 'auc'
summary(object, ...) 
## S3 method for class 'auc'
trainauc(fit, training.data = NULL, ...)
## S3 method for class 'auc'
ratio(fit)

## S3 method for class 'glm'
trainauc(fit, ...)
## S3 method for class 'glm'
ratio(fit)

Arguments

fit	an object that inherits from class 'auc' such as 'rauc' or 'sauc'
object	an object that inherits from class 'auc' such as 'rauc' or 'sauc'
x	an object that inherits from class 'auc' such as rauc, sauc or sauc.dca.
newdata	data at which to predict
case.percentage	used for class prediction, defaults to NULL
training.data	data frame used to compute auc based on a fit obtained by a call to rauc, sauc or sauc.dca
...	arguments passed to or from methods

Author(s)

Youyi Fong [email protected]
Krisztian Sebestyen

---

Some Base Functions

Description

cbinduneven binds together a list of matrixes/dataframes of different lengths, rows are matched by names binary returns binary representation of an integer. binary2 returns binary representatin of an integer with leading 0, the length of string is n. mysystem can call any exe file that is in the PATH f2c convert temperature from f to c/

Usage

mytable (..., exclude = if (useNA == "no") c(NA, NaN), useNA = "ifany", 
  dnn = list.names(...), deparse.level = 1) 

cbinduneven(li)

binary(i)

multi.outer (f, ... ) 

myreshapelong(dat, cols.to.be.stacked, label.cols.to.be.stacked, new.col.name)

binary2(i, n)

f2c(f)

ftoi(f)

keepWarnings(expr)

meanmed(x, na.rm = FALSE)


myaggregate(x, by, FUN, new.col.name = "aggregate.value", ...)

myreshapewide(formula, dat, idvar, keep.extra.col=FALSE)

mysapply(X, FUN, ..., simplify = TRUE, USE.NAMES = TRUE, ret.mat = TRUE)

myscale(x)

mysystem(cmd, ...)

mytapply(X, INDEX, FUN = NULL, ..., simplify = TRUE)

read.sv(file, header = TRUE, ...)

read.tsv(file, header = TRUE, sep = "\t", ...)

table.prop(x,y=NULL,digit=1,style=2,whole.table.add.to.1=FALSE,useNA="ifany",
    add.perc=FALSE, add.total.column = FALSE)

table.cases  (case,group,include.all=TRUE,desc="cases")
table.cases.3(case,group1,group2)

unix()

mycor (x, use = "everything", method = c("pearson", "kendall", "spearman"), 
    alternative = c("two.sided", "less", "greater"), exact = NULL, 
    conf.level = 0.95, continuity = FALSE, 
    digits.coef=2, digits.pval=3,
    ...)

Arguments

exclude	exclude
dnn	dnn
deparse.level	deparse.level
add.total.column	tbdi
use	tbdi
method	tbdi
alternative	tbdi
exact	tbdi
conf.level	tbdi
continuity	tbdi
digits.coef	tbdi
digits.pval	tbdi
cols.to.be.stacked	tbdi
label.cols.to.be.stacked	tbdi
li	a list
i	tbdi
n	tbdn
f	In multi.out, f is a function.
case	vector of 0/1
group	vector of multi-group indicators
formula	a formula object.
expr	tbdexpr
x	tbdx
na.rm	tbdna.rm
desc	tbdby
by	tbdby
whole.table.add.to.1	Boolean
new.col.name	tbdnew.col.name
...	tbd...
dat	tbddat
idvar	tbdidvar
X	tbdX
simplify	tbdsimplify
USE.NAMES	tbdUSE.NAMES
ret.mat	tbdret.mat
cmd	tbdcmd
INDEX	tbdINDEX
file	tbdfile
header	tbdheader
sep	tbdsep
y	tbdy
digit	tbddigit
style	tbdstyle
FUN	tbdFUN
keep.extra.col	tbdFUN
useNA	tbdFUN
add.perc	tbdFUN
include.all	tbdFUN
group1	tbdFUN
group2	tbdFUN

Examples

binary(5) ###  101
binary2(5, 4)

a=data.frame("x"=1:2)
b=data.frame("y"=3:5);#rownames(b)[3]=""
cbinduneven(list(a,b))

## Not run: 
# the formula in myreshapewide can only have one variable in the right hand side
    myreshapewide(fi~week, dat, c("ptid","stim"))

    myreshapelong(dat.201.neut, cols.to.be.stacked=c("MN.3","SF162","SVA.MLV"), 
        label.cols.to.be.stacked="antigen", new.col.name="y")

    myaggregate(subset(dat.poc, select=c(HIV, trt)), list(dat.poc$f), function(x) 
      with(x, c(fisher.test(HIV, trt)$estimate, fisher.test(HIV, trt)$p.value)))



## End(Not run)

---

Using loess to Check Functional Form for Logistic Regression

Description

This function plots a smoothed line of how the average value of Y changes with X in order to check functional form for logistic regression.

Usage

binaryloess(x, y, scale = c("logit", "linear"), span = 0.7, weights = NULL, ...)

Arguments

x	tbdx
y	tbdy
scale	tbdscale
span	smoothing parameter, passed to loess. If less than 1, the neighbourhood includes proportion a of the points. If greater than 1, all points are used, with the maximum distance assumed to be a^(1/p) times the actual maximum distance for p explanatory variables. Missing records are removed first.
weights	sampling weights, passed to loess
...	passed to plotting function

Details

This function comes from Jonathan Bartlett ()https://thestatsgeek.com/2014/09/13/checking-functional-form-in-logistic-regression-using-loess/).

Examples

set.seed(1234)
n <- 1000
x <- rnorm(n)
xb <- -2+x
pr <- exp(xb)/(1+exp(xb))
y=rbern(n, pr)

par(mfrow=c(1,2))
binaryloess(x, y, scale = "logit", span = 0.7, weights = NULL, ylab="logit(p)")
binaryloess(x, y, scale = "linear", span = 0.7, weights = NULL, ylab="prob")

---

Test the Proportional Hazards Assumption of a Cox Regression (a slightly modified version)

Description

A slightly modified test of the proportional hazards assumption for a Cox regression model fit (coxph). This version corrects some conservativeness of the test.

Usage

cox.zph.2(fit, transform = "km", global = TRUE, exact=TRUE)

Arguments

fit	fit
transform	transform
global	global
exact	Boolean. If FALSE, this function is an identical copy of cox.zph. If TRUE, it computes the variance of the test statistic exactly, instead of approximately.

Details

When the model uses time-dependent covariates, the approximation used in Grambsch and Therneau resulted in conservativeness of the test. This is "fixed" here at a cost of up to 2.5 times longer execution time.

References

Fong, Y. and Halloran, M Elizabeth and Gilbert, P. Using Time-Dependent Age Group in Cox Regression Analysis of Vaccine Efficacy Trials, Just Another Epi Journal, in prep.

Examples

library(survival)
fit <- coxph(Surv(futime, fustat) ~ age + ecog.ps,  
             data=ovarian) 
temp <- cox.zph(fit) 
print(temp)        
temp.2 <- cox.zph.2(fit) 
print(temp.2)

---

Cross Validation Functions

Description

Cross validation utility functions.

Usage

sample.for.cv (dat, v, seed)
get.kfold.splits (dat, k, seed)
kfold.split (k, n1, n0)
ran.kfold.split(k, n1, n0, replicates)
lpo.split(n1, n0)
get.splits (dat, cv.scheme=c("LPO","5fold","50xrandom4:1"), seed)

Arguments

dat	a data frame. One of the columns must be named y and y should be 0/1 with 1 for case and 0 for control
v	v-fold cross validation
seed	seed for random number generators
k	var.equal
n1	var.equal
n0	var.equal
replicates	var.equal
cv.scheme	var.equal

Details

sample.for.cv: case and controls are sampled separately.

Value

sample.for.cv returns a list of two vector of integers: train and test, which refer to the rows of dat

---

Fit Deming regression.

Description

Deming regression fit. Assume x and y variances are the same. Slightly modified from MethComp R package.

Usage

Deming(x, y, vr = sdr^2, sdr = sqrt(vr), boot = TRUE, keep.boot = FALSE, 
    alpha = 0.05)

Arguments

x	tbd
y	tbdy
vr	tbdvr
sdr	tbdsdr
boot	tbdboot
keep.boot	tbdkeep.boot
alpha	tbdalpha

Examples

## Not run: 
set.seed(1)
x=rnorm(100,0,1)
y=x+rnorm(100,0,.5)
x=x+rnorm(100,0,.5)
fit=Deming(x,y, boot=TRUE)
summary(fit)
plot(x,y)
abline(fit)
# compare with lm fit
fit.1=lm(y~x, data.frame(x,y))
summary(fit.1)
abline(fit.1, col=2)

## End(Not run)

---

Better Heatmap Function

Description

Makes a heatmap representation of correaltion coefficients easier.

Usage

DMHeatMap(x, Rowv = TRUE, Colv = if (symm) "Rowv" else TRUE,
 distfun = dist, hclustfun = hclust, dendrogram =
 c("both", "row", "column", "none"), symm = FALSE,
 scale = c("none", "row", "column"), na.rm = TRUE, revC
 = identical(Colv, "Rowv"), add.expr, breaks, symbreaks
 = min(x < 0, na.rm = TRUE) || scale != "none", col =
 "heat.colors", colsep, rowsep, sepcolor = "white",
 sepwidth = c(0.05, 0.05), cellnote, notecex = 1,
 notecol = "cyan", na.color = par("bg"), trace =
 c("column", "row", "both", "none"), tracecol = "cyan",
 hline = median(breaks), vline = median(breaks),
 linecol = tracecol, margins = c(5, 5), ColSideColors,
 RowSideColors, cexRow = 0.2 + 1/log10(nr), cexCol =
 0.2 + 1/log10(nc), labRow = NULL, labCol = NULL,
 labColor = NULL, axis = TRUE, heatmapOnly = FALSE, key
 = TRUE, keysize = 1.5, density.info = c("histogram",
 "density", "none"), denscol = tracecol, symkey = min(x
 < 0, na.rm = TRUE) || symbreaks, densadj = 0.25, main
 = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL, lmat = NULL, lhei =
 NULL, lwid = NULL, lower.left.only = TRUE, legend =
 TRUE, legend.x = "topright", verbose = FALSE, ...)

Arguments

x	tbd
axis	tbd
heatmapOnly	tbd
verbose	tbd
legend.x	tbd
legend	tbd
Rowv	tbdRowv
Colv	tbdColv
distfun	tbddistfun
hclustfun	tbdhclustfun
dendrogram	tbddendrogram
symm	tbdsymm
scale	tbdscale
na.rm	tbdna.rm
revC	tbdrevC
add.expr	tbdadd.expr
breaks	tbdbreaks
symbreaks	tbdsymbreaks
col	tbdcol
colsep	tbdcolsep
rowsep	tbdrowsep
sepcolor	tbdsepcolor
sepwidth	tbdsepwidth
cellnote	tbdcellnote
notecex	tbdnotecex
notecol	tbdnotecol
na.color	tbdna.color
trace	tbdtrace
tracecol	tbdtracecol
hline	tbdhline
vline	tbdvline
linecol	tbdlinecol
margins	tbdmargins
ColSideColors	tbdColSideColors
RowSideColors	tbdRowSideColors
cexRow	tbdcexRow
cexCol	tbdcexCol
labRow	tbdlabRow
labCol	tbdlabCol
labColor	tbdlabColor
key	tbdkey
keysize	tbdkeysize
density.info	tbddensity.info
denscol	tbddenscol
symkey	tbdsymkey
densadj	tbddensadj
main	tbdmain
xlab	tbdxlab
ylab	tbdylab
lmat	tbdlmat
lhei	tbdlhei
lwid	tbdlwid
lower.left.only	tbdlower.left.only
...	tbd...

Examples

cor=matrix(runif(15),5,3)
breaks=c(-1,-.7,-.5,-.3,-.1,.1,.3,.5,.7,1)
hU=DMHeatMap(cor, trace="none", symm=FALSE,dendrogram="none", col=RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(
    length(breaks)-1,"RdYlGn"), distfun = function(c) as.dist(1 - c), cexRow =1.5, cexCol =1.5, 
    lmat=rbind( c(2, 1), c(4,3) ), lhei=c(4, 1 ), breaks=breaks, margins=c(2,2), key = FALSE, 
    Rowv=NA, lower.left.only=FALSE)

---

Imaging analysis for spatial region

Description

Counting the number of masks in a rectangular region

Usage

get_count_from_xy_coor(file, topleft, bottomright, image, plot)

Arguments

file	_sizes_coordinates.txt
topleft	topleft (x,y) coordiate for a rectangular box
bottomright	bottomright: bottomright (x,y) coordiate for a rectangular box
image	image: an image for plotting
plot	plot: plot=TRUE shows image with rectangular box

Details

This function counts cells inside of rectangular box made by the topleft and bottomright xy-coordinates.

Value

The number of masks inside of the rectangular box

Author(s)

Sunwoo Han

Examples

#get_count_from_xy_coor(file='M926910_Position1_CD3-BUV395_sizes_coordinates.txt', 
  #topleft=c(500,0), bottomright=c(1392,500), 
  #image='M926910_Position1_CD3-BUV395.tiff', plot=TRUE)

---

Read simulation results

Description

Go through a folder and read all files and combine the results into a multidimensional array.

Usage

get.sim.res (dir, res.name="res", verbose=TRUE)
MCsummary (dir, res.name = "res", exclude.some = TRUE,
                 exclude.col = 1, verbose = TRUE)
getFormattedMCSummary (path, sim, nn, fit.method, exclude.some = TRUE,
                 exclude.col = 1, verbose = TRUE, coef.0 = NULL, digit1
                 = 2, sum.est = c("mean", "median"), sum.sd =
                 c("median", "mean"), style = 1, keep.intercept =
                 FALSE)

Arguments

dir	directory of MC result files
path	partial path to the directory of MC result files
res.name	name of the R object saved in the files, default is res, but may be others
verbose	Boolean
sim	a string to denote simulation setting
nn	a vector of sample sizes
fit.method	a string to denote fitting method. sim, nn and fit.method together forms the name of the directory containing MC result files
exclude.col	column number
exclude.some	whether to exclude MC results that are extreme
coef.0	simulation truth
digit1	digits
sum.est	use mean or median as location estimate summary
sum.sd	use mean or median as sd estimate summary
style	integer
keep.intercept	whether to include intercept in the table

Details

Depends on package abind to combine arrays from files.

Value

A multidimensional array.

---

getK

Description

getK calculates the kernel matrix between X and itself and returns a n by n matrix. Alternatively, it calculates the kernel matrix between X and X2 and returns a n by n2 matrix.

Usage

getK (X,kernel,para=NULL,X2=NULL,C = NULL)

Arguments

X	covariate matrix with dimension n by d. Note this is not the paired difference of covariate matrix.
kernel	string specifying type of kernel: polynomial or p (1 + <x,y>)^para, rbf or r exp(-para*||x-y||^2), linear or l <x,y>, ibs or i 0.5*mean(2.0 - |x-y|) or sum(w*(2.0 - |x-y|))/sum(w), with x[i],y[i] in {0,1,2} and weights 'w' given in 'para'. hamming or h for sum(x == y) with x[i],y[i] binary, no default.
para	parameter of the kernel fucntion. for ibs or hamming, para can be a vector of weights.
X2	optional second covariate matrix with dimension n2 by d
C	logical. If TRUE, kernels are computed by custom routines in C, which may be more memory efficient, and faster too for ibs and hamming kernels.

Details

IBS stands for 'Identical By State'. If 'x','y' are in in {0,1,2} then
IBS(x,y) = 0 if |x-y|=2, 1 if |x-y|=1, 2 if |x-y|=0, or IBS(x,y) = 2.0 - |x-y|.
K(u,v) = sum(IBS(u[i],v[i])) / 2K where K = length(u).
The 'hamming' kernel is the equivalent of the 'ibs' kernel for binary data. Note that 'hamming' kernel is based on hamming similarity(!), not on dissimilarity distance.

Within in the code, C is default to TRUE for ibs and hamming kernels and FALSE otherwise.

Value

A kernel matrix.

Author(s)

Youyi Fong [email protected]
Krisztian Sebestyen [email protected]
Shuxin Yin

Examples

X = cbind(x1=rnorm(n=5), x2=rnorm(n=5))
dim(X)
X2 = cbind(x1=rnorm(n=3), x2=rnorm(n=3))
dim(X2)

K = getK(X,"linear")
dim(K)

K = getK(X,"linear",X2=X2)
dim(K)
K1 = getK(X2,"l",X2=X)
dim(K1)
all(K==t(K1))


# RBF kernel
K = getK(X,"rbf",para=1,X2=X2)
K1 = getK(X2,"r",para=1,X2=X)
all(K==t(K1))


# IBS kernel for ternary data 
X <- as.matrix(expand.grid(0:2,0:2))
K = getK(X,kernel = 'ibs')

# add weight
w = runif(ncol(X))
K = getK(X,kernel = 'ibs',para = w) 


# IBS kernel for binary data via option 'h' for 'hamming similarity measure'
X <- as.matrix(expand.grid(0:1,0:1))
K=getK(X,kernel = 'h')

---

Causal Mediation Analysis of Cowling et al.

Description

Estimate the total, direct, and indirect effects using IORW method (inverse odds ratio weighting) and compute 95

Usage

iorw(formula.effect, formula.mediators, data, family =
 NULL, nboot = 10000, numCores = 1, save.steps = FALSE,
 verbose = FALSE)

## S3 method for class 'iorw'
print(x, ...)

Arguments

formula.effect	a formula object for the total and direct effect regression. The first term on the right is assumed to be the binary treatment/exposure variable.
formula.mediators	a formula object for logistic regression. It should be of the form: ~ mediation marker1 + mediation marker2.
data	a data frame.
family	if Cox regression, leave as NULL; otherwise, it will be passed to glm().
nboot	an integer. Number of bootstrap replicates.
numCores	an interger. Number of cores to use for parallel procesing.
save.steps	boolean. Whether or not to save the fits from the three steps and the weights.
x	Object of type iorw
verbose	boolean.
...	Additional arguments passed to the print function.

Details

Code by Cowling and Lim was downloaded from https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.cv37539
If a bootstrap replicate generates warnings during regression, NA will be returned for that replicate. The number of such occurrences is recorded in an attribute of boot.perc in the return value.
It does not handle sampling weights yet.

Value

Point estimates and percentile bootstrap confidence intervals.

Author(s)

Youyi Fong, based on code by Cowling and Lim

References

Cowling, B. J., Lim, W. W., Perera, R. A., Fang, V. J., Leung, G. M., Peiris, J. M., & Tchetgen Tchetgen, E. J. (2019). Influenza hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titer as a mediator of vaccine-induced protection for influenza B. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 68(10), 1713-1717.
Nguyen, Q. C., Osypuk, T. L., Schmidt, N. M., Glymour, M. M., & Tchetgen Tchetgen, E. J. (2015). Practical guidance for conducting mediation analysis with multiple mediators using inverse odds ratio weighting. American journal of epidemiology, 181(5), 349-356.
Tchetgen Tchetgen, E. J. (2013). Inverse odds ratio-weighted estimation for causal mediation analysis. Statistics in medicine, 32(26), 4567-4580.
Imai, K., Keele, L., & Tingley, D. (2010). A general approach to causal mediation analysis. Psychological methods, 15(4), 309.

Examples

#### Cox regression

# without adjusting for baseline markers
library(survival)
formula.effect=Surv(surv_time, flu)~vaccine+age
formula.mediators=~log2(postvax.B.Brisbane/5)
res.1=iorw(formula.effect, formula.mediators, kid, nboot=10, numCores=1); res.1
stopifnot(max(abs(res.1$boot[1,] - c(0.2029779,0.6070105,0.3039110,0.4283389,0.2124268)))<1e-6)

# adjust for baseline markers
formula.effect=Surv(surv_time, flu)~vaccine+log2(prevax.B.Brisbane)+age
formula.mediators=~log2(postvax.B.Brisbane/5)
res.2=iorw(formula.effect, formula.mediators, kid, nboot=10, numCores=1); res.2


#### Logistic regression

# without adjusting for baseline markers
formula.effect=flu~vaccine+age
formula.mediators=~log2(postvax.B.Brisbane/5)
res.3=iorw(formula.effect, formula.mediators, kid, family=binomial(), nboot=10, numCores=1); res.3
stopifnot(max(abs(res.3$boot[1,] - c(0.1960024,0.6154349,0.2937164,0.4145470,0.2168644)))<1e-6)

# adjust for baseline markers
formula.effect=flu~vaccine+log2(prevax.B.Brisbane)+age
formula.mediators=~log2(postvax.B.Brisbane/5)
res.4=iorw(formula.effect, formula.mediators, kid, family=binomial(), nboot=10, numCores=1); res.4

---

Dataset from Cowling et al.

Description

Influenza immune response biomarkers dataset.

Usage

data("kid")

Format

A data frame with 736 observations on the following 10 variables.

hhID

a numeric vector

age

a numeric vector

intervention

a character vector

vaccine

a numeric vector

vaccine.date

a Date

postvax.date

a Date

prevax.B.Brisbane

a numeric vector

postvax.B.Brisbane

a numeric vector

surv_time

a numeric vector

flu

a numeric vector

References

Cowling, B. J., Lim, W. W., Perera, R. A., Fang, V. J., Leung, G. M., Peiris, J. M., & Tchetgen Tchetgen, E. J. (2019). Influenza hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titer as a mediator of vaccine-induced protection for influenza B. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 68(10), 1713-1717.

---

kyotil

Description

Utility functions by Youyi Fong and Krisz Sebestyen, and some functions copied from other packages for convenience (acknowledged on their manual pages).

Most useful functions: mypostscript/mypdf, mytex,

See the Index link below for a list of available functions.

The package depends on Hmisc. The main reason for that, besides the usefulness of the package, is Hmisc depends on ggplot2, which also define

---

Create Dataset for Time-dependent Covariate Proportional Hazard Model Analaysi

Description

Returns a data frame that is suitable for time-dependent covariate Cox model fit.

Usage

make.timedep.dataset(dat, X, d, baseline.ageyrs, t.1, t.2 = NULL)

Arguments

dat	data frame
X	string. Name of the followup time column in dat. Unit needs to be years.
d	string. Name of the followup time column in dat.
baseline.ageyrs	string. Name of the followup time column in dat.
t.1	numerical. Cutoff for age group
t.2	numerical. Second cutoff for age group

Details

The function assumes that the followup length is such that only one change of age group is possible.

Value

Returns a data frame with the following columns added: tstart, tstop, .timedep.agegrp, .baseline.agegrp

tstart	left bound of time interval
tstop	right bound of time interval
.timedep.agegrp	time-dependent age group
.baseline.agegrp	baseline age group

Author(s)

Youyi Fong

References

Therneau, T. and Crowson, C. Using Time Dependent Covariates and Time Dependent Coefficients in the Cox Model. A vignette from the R package surival.

Examples

library(survival)

n=3000; followup.length=5; incidence.density=0.015; age.sim="continuous"

dat.0=sim.dat.tvarying.two(n, followup.length, incidence.density, age.sim, seed=1)
dat=subset(dat.0, for.non.tvarying.ana, select=c(ptid, X, d, baseline.age, trt))
dat.timedep = make.timedep.dataset (dat, "X", "d", "baseline.age", 6)
coxph(Surv(tstart,tstop,d) ~ trt*.timedep.agegrp, dat.timedep)

---

Math Functions

Description

H calculates entropy.

Usage

as.binary(n, base = 2, r = FALSE)

binom.coef(n, m)

expit(x)

logDiffExp(logx1, logx2)

logit(x)

logMeanExp(logx, B = NULL)

logSumExp(logx)

logSumExpFor2(logx, logy)

permn(x, fun = NULL, ...)

Stirling2(n, m)

interpolate(pt1, pt2, x)

Arguments

n	tbdn
base	tbdbase
r	tbdr
m	tbdm
pt1	a vector of length 2
pt2	a vector of length 2
x	tbdx
logx1	tbdlogx1
logx2	tbdlogx2
logx	tbdlogx
B	tbdB
logy	tbdlogy
fun	tbdfun
...	tbd...

Examples

H(rep(1/5,5))
H(rep(3,5))

---

Matrix and Array Functions

Description

concatList returns a string that concatenates the elements of the input list or array

Usage

AR1(p, w)

concatList(lis, sep = "")

EXCH(p, rho)

fill.jagged.array(a)

getMidPoints(x)

getUpperRight(matri, func = NULL)

last(x, n = 1, ...)

mix(a, b)

## S3 method for class 'data.frame'
rep(x, times = 1, ...)

## S3 method for class 'matrix'
rep(x, times = 1, each = 1, by.row = TRUE, ...)

## S3 method for class 'matrix.block'
rep(x, times = 2, ...)

shift.left(x, k = 1)

shift.right(x, k = 1)

thin.rows(dat, thin.factor = 10)

ThinRows(dat, thin.factor = 10)

tr(m)

Arguments

p	tbdp
w	tbdw
lis	list or array
sep	tbdsep
rho	tbdrho
a	tbda
x	tbdx
matri	tbdmatri
func	tbdfunc
n	tbdn
...	tbd...
b	tbdb
times	tbdtimes
each	tbdeach
by.row	tbdby.row
k	tbdk
dat	tbddat
thin.factor	tbdthin.factor
m	tbdm

Examples

concatList(1:3,"_")

---

Matrix Functions that May Be Faster than

Description

DXD computes D %*% X %*% D, where D is a diagonal matrix. tXDX computes t(X) %*% D %*% X. symprod computes S %*% X for symmetric S. txSy computes t(x) %*% S %*% y for symmetric S.

Usage

DXD(d1, X, d2)

tXDX(X,D)

symprod(S, X)

txSy(x, S, y)

.as.double(x, stripAttributes = FALSE)

Arguments

d1	a diagonal matrix or an array
d2	a diagonal matrix or an array
x	array
y	array
S	symmetric matrix
X	matix
D	matix
stripAttributes	boolean

Details

.as.double does not copying whereas as.double(x) for older versions of R when using .C(DUP = FALSE) make duplicate copy of x. In addition, even if x is a 'double', since x has attributes (dim(x)) as.double(x) duplicates

The functions do not check whether S is symmetric. If it is not symmetric, then the result will be wrong. DXD offers a big gain, while symprod and txSy gains are more incremental.

Author(s)

Krisztian Sebestyen

Examples

d1=1:3
d2=4:6
X=matrix(1:9,3,3)
all(DXD(d1, X, d2) == diag(d1) %*% X %*% diag(d2))

S=matrix(c(1,2,3,2,4,5,3,5,8),3,3)
X=matrix(1:9,3,3)
all( symprod(S, X) == S %*% X )

x=1:3
y=4:6
S=matrix(c(1,2,3,2,4,5,3,5,8),3,3)
txSy(x, S, y) == drop(t(x)%*%S%*%y)

---

Misc Functions

Description

Misc functions. summ computes iterative sum, sort of like diff.

Usage

pava (x, wt = rep(1, length(x)))
summ(x)
empty2na(x) 
## S3 method for class 'pcc'
predict(object, newdat, ...)
rank.inv.norm(x)
INT(x)
dec_to_binary (x,d)

Arguments

x	tbdx
d	number of digits in the returned binary representation, including leading 0's
wt	tbdvar.equal
object	tbdvar.equal
newdat	tbdvar.equal
...	tbdvar.equal

Details

rank.inv.norm: rank-based inverse normal/gaussian transformation

dec_to_binary covert a decimal number to a binary representation with d digits

Value

summ returns

---

Permutation-based Multitesting P Values Adjustment

Description

An implementation of Westfall and Young

Usage

p.adj.perm(p.unadj, p.perms, alpha = 0.05)

Arguments

p.unadj	p.unadj
p.perms	p.perms
alpha	alpha

Details

This implementation is not as fast as the implementation from the package multtest. But ususally the step to create p.perms is the rate-limiting step.

The smallest of the Westfall and Young FWER-controlling multitesting adjusted p values coincides with the p value for testing a global null without any assumptions. But for the multitesting adjustment to hold, it requires the subset pivotality condition.

Author(s)

Sue Li, [email protected]

References

Westfall, P. H., & Young, S. S. (1993). Resampling-based multiple testing: Examples and methods for p-value adjustment (Vol. 279). John Wiley & Sons.
Westfall, P. H., & Troendle, J. F. (2008). Multiple testing with minimal assumptions. Biometrical Journal: Journal of Mathematical Methods in Biosciences, 50(5), 745-755.

---

Plotting Functions

Description

mypostscript and mypdf sets the width and height based on mfrow input.

Usage

smoothed.scaled.hist (dat.ls, bin_width, scale.factors=NULL, cols=NULL, 
  legend=NULL, cex.legend=1, ...) 


myplot (object, ...) 

## S3 method for class 'loess'
myplot(object, xlab="x", ylab="fitted", ...)

whiskers (x, s, ...) 

abline.pt.slope(pt1, slope, x2=NULL, ...)

abline.pts(pt1, pt2 = NULL)

butterfly.plot(dat, dat2 = NULL, add = FALSE, xaxislabels = rep("", 4), x.ori = 0, 
    xlab = "", ylab = "", cex.axis = 1, ...)

empty.plot()

add.mtext.label (text, cex = 1.4, adj = -0.2) 
mydev.off(file = "temp", ext = c("pdf"), res = 200, mydev =
                 NULL, silent = TRUE)
getMfrow(len)

myhist (x, add.norm=TRUE, col.norm="blue", ...)

myforestplot(dat, xlim = NULL, xlab = "", main = "", col.1 = "red",
 col.2 = "blue", plot.labels = TRUE, order = FALSE,
 decreasing = FALSE, vline = TRUE, cols = NULL, log =
 "", null.val = NULL)

my.interaction.plot(dat, x.ori = 0, xaxislabels = rep("", 2), cex.axis = 1, add = FALSE,
    xlab = "", ylab = "", pcol = NULL, lcol = NULL, ...)

myboxplot(object, ...)

## S3 method for class 'formula'
myboxplot(formula, data, cex = 0.5, xlab = "", ylab = "", main =
 "", box = TRUE, at = NULL, na.action = NULL, p.val =
 NULL, pch = 1, col = 1, test = "",
 friedman.test.formula = NULL, reshape.formula = NULL,
 reshape.id = NULL, jitter = TRUE, add.interaction =
 FALSE, drop.unused.levels = TRUE, bg.pt = NULL, add =
 FALSE, seed = 1, write.p.at.top = FALSE, ...)
    
## S3 method for class 'data.frame'
myboxplot(object, cex = 0.5, ylab = "", xlab = "", main = "",
 box = TRUE, at = NULL, pch = 1, col = 1, test = "",
 paired = FALSE, ...)

## S3 method for class 'list'
myboxplot(object, paired = FALSE, ...)

abline.shade.2(x, col=c(0,1,0))
abline.shade(pt, type = 5, col = c(0, 1, 0), alpha = 0.3)


mylegend(legend, x, y=NULL, lty = NULL, bty = "n", ...)

mymatplot(x, y, type = "b", lty = c(1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2), pch =
                 NULL, col = rep(c("darkgray", "black"), each = 3),
                 xlab = NULL, ylab = "", draw.x.axis = TRUE, bg = NA,
                 lwd = 1, at = NULL, make.legend = TRUE, legend = NULL,
                 impute.missing.for.line = TRUE, legend.x = 9,
                 legend.title = NULL, legend.cex = 1, legend.lty = lty,
                 legend.inset = 0, xaxt = "s", y.intersp = 1.5,
                 x.intersp = 0.3, text.width = NULL, add = FALSE, ...
)
                          
mypairs(dat, ladder = FALSE, show.data.cloud = TRUE,
 ladder.add.line = T, ladder.add.text = T, ...)

wtd.hist (x, breaks = "Sturges", freq = NULL, probability = !freq, 
    include.lowest = TRUE, right = TRUE, density = NULL, angle = 45, 
    col = NULL, border = NULL, main = paste("Histogram of", xname), 
    xlim = range(breaks), ylim = NULL, xlab = xname, ylab, axes = TRUE, 
    plot = TRUE, labels = FALSE, nclass = NULL, weight = NULL, 
    ...) 

mylines(x, y, type = "l", ...)

myfigure(mfrow = c(1, 1), mfcol = NULL, width = NULL, 
    height = NULL, oma = NULL, mar = NULL, main.outer = FALSE, bg=NULL) 


mypdf(...)

mypng(...)
mytiff(...)

mypostscript(file = "temp", mfrow = c(1, 1), mfcol = NULL, width =
                 NULL, height = NULL, ext = c("eps", "pdf", "png",
                 "tiff"), oma = NULL, mar = NULL, main.outer = FALSE,
                 save2file = TRUE, res = 200, silent = TRUE, ...)

panel.cor(x, y, digits = 2, prefix = "", cex.cor, cor., leading0
 = FALSE, cex.cor.dep = TRUE, ...)

panel.hist(x, ...)

panel.nothing(x, ...)

corplot(object, ...)

## Default S3 method:
corplot(object, y, ...)

## S3 method for class 'formula'
corplot(formula, data, main = "", method = c("pearson",
 "spearman"), col = 1, cex = 0.5, add.diagonal.line =
 TRUE, add.lm.fit = FALSE, add.loess.fit = FALSE,
 col.lm = 2, add.deming.fit = FALSE, col.deming = 4,
 add = FALSE, log = "", same.xylim = FALSE, xlim =
 NULL, ylim = NULL, ...)

Arguments

dat.ls	named list of vectors. A histogram is made for each vector.
bin_width	width of bin for histograms
scale.factors	named vector of scale factors to scale the histogram counts by
cex.legend	cex for legend
silent	tbdadd
legend.lty	tbdadd
cex.cor.dep	tbdadd
add.loess.fit	tbdadd
leading0	tbdadd
null.val	tbdadd
write.p.at.top	tbdadd
text.width	tbdadd
text	tbdadd
cex	tbdcex
adj	tbdpt2
file	tbdfile
ext	tbdext
res	resolution.
add.norm	Boolean, whether to add normal approximation density line
col.norm	string, color of added normal density line
pt1	tbdpt1
s	tbdslope
ladder	tbdslope
slope	tbdslope
friedman.test.formula	tbdslope
reshape.id	tbdslope
impute.missing.for.line	tbdslope
cor.	tbdslope
mydev	tbdslope
jitter	Boolean
add.interaction	Boolean
...	tbd...
xaxt	tbdpt2
breaks	tbdpt2
freq	tbdpt2
bg.pt	tbdpt2
probability	tbdpt2
include.lowest	tbdpt2
right	tbdpt2
density	tbdpt2
angle	tbdpt2
border	tbdpt2
axes	tbdpt2
plot	tbdpt2
labels	tbdpt2
nclass	tbdpt2
weight	tbdpt2
pt2	tbdpt2
pt	tbdpt2
alpha	tbdpt2
dat	tbddat
lwd	line width.
x.intersp	controls the look of legend.
y.intersp	controls the look of legend.
legend.inset	legend inset
dat2	tbddat2
add	tbdadd
log	log
add.lm.fit	lm fit
add.deming.fit	add
col.lm	col
col.deming	col
reshape.formula	a formula object.
xaxislabels	tbdxaxislabels
x.ori	tbdx.ori
xlab	tbdxlab
ylab	tbdylab
cex.axis	tbdcex.axis
len	tbdlen
same.xylim	Boolean. Whether xlim and ylim should be the same
xlim	tbdxlim
ylim	tbdxlim
main	tbdmain
col.1	tbdcol.1
col.2	tbdcol.2
pcol	tbdpcol
lcol	tbdlcol
object	tbdobject
formula	tbdformula
data	tbddata
box	tbdbox
at	tbdat
pch	tbdpch
col	tbdcol
test	string. For example, "t","w","f","k", "tw"
legend	tbdlegend
x	tbdx
lty	tbdlty
bty	tbdbty
type	tbdtype
make.legend	tbdmake.legend
legend.x	tbdlegend.x
legend.title	tbdlegend.title
legend.cex	tbdlegend.cex
draw.x.axis	tbddraw.x.axis
bg	tbdbg
method	tbdmethod
mfrow	tbdmfrow
mfcol	tbdmfcol
width	tbdwidth
height	tbdheight
oma	tbdoma
mar	tbdmar
main.outer	tbdmain.outer
save2file	tbdsave2file
y	tbdy
digits	tbddigits
prefix	tbdprefix
cex.cor	cex cor
plot.labels	Boolean
order	Boolean
decreasing	Boolean
add.diagonal.line	tbdadd.diagonal.line
x2	tbdadd.diagonal.line
vline	tbdadd.diagonal.line
cols	tbdadd.diagonal.line
na.action	tbdadd.diagonal.line
drop.unused.levels	tbdadd.diagonal.line
p.val	tbdx
seed	tbdx
paired	tbdx
show.data.cloud	tbdx
ladder.add.line	tbdx
ladder.add.text	tbdx

Details

myboxplot shows data points along with boxes. The data poins are jittered and the pattern of jittering is made reproducible in repeated calls. The test can only take one type of test currently.

myforestplot is modified from code from Allan deCamp/SCHARP. dat should have three columns. first column should be point estimate, second and third lci and uci, fourth p value. col.1 is the color used for CIs that do not include null, col.2 is used for CIs that do include null. If order is TRUE, the rows are ordered by the first column of dat. descreasing can be used to change the behavior of order.

corplot.formula uses MethComp::Deming by Bendix Carstensen to fit Deming regression.

wtd.hist is copied from weights package, author: Josh Pasek.

mymatplot will use na.approx (zoo) to fill in NA before plotting in order to draw continuous lines. The filled-in values will not be shown as points.

smoothed.scaled.hist draws histograms and overlay densities on top.

Examples

set.seed(1)
x=1:50+rnorm(50,0,4)
y=1:50+rnorm(50,0,4)
dat=data.frame(x, y)
corplot(y~x,dat,add.lm.fit=TRUE,add.deming.fit=TRUE,col.lm="red",col.deming="blue")

dat=data.frame(y=c(1:10,2:11), x=rep(c("a","b"),each=10), ptid=c(1:10,1:10))
par(mfrow=c(1,2))
myboxplot(y~x, dat, test="w", jitter=FALSE)
myboxplot(y~x, dat, test="f", add.interaction=TRUE, reshape.formula=y~x, reshape.id="ptid")


myboxplot(list(jitter(1:10), jitter(3:12)), test="w")
myboxplot(list(jitter(1:10), jitter(3:12)), test="w", paired=TRUE)

smoothed.scaled.hist(list(A=rnorm(100,0,1)), bin_width=0.1, xlab="x")
smoothed.scaled.hist(list(A=rnorm(100,0,1), B=rnorm(500,10,2)), 
                  bin_width=0.1, xlab="x")



## Not run: 
myfigure(mfrow=c(1,2))
    plot(1:10)
    plot(1:10)
mydev.off(ext="png,pdf", file="tmp")

## End(Not run)



#myboxplot x axis may look weird if log="xy"

---

Print Functions

Description

roundup prints a specified number of digits after decimal point even if 0s are needed at the end. formatInt prints a specified number of digits before decimal point even if 0s are needed at the beginning.

Usage

myprint(object, ...)

## Default S3 method:
myprint(..., newline = TRUE, digits = 3, print.name=TRUE)

## S3 method for class 'matrix'
myprint(object, ...)

formatInt(x, digits, fill = "0", ...)

prettyprint (value, digit=2) 

make.latex.coef.table(models, model.names = NULL, row.major = FALSE, round.digits = NULL)

mysanitize.text(str) 
mysanitize.numbers(x) 

mytex(dat = NULL, file.name = "temp", digits = NULL, display
                 = NULL, align = "r", include.rownames = TRUE,
                 include.colnames = TRUE, col.headers = NULL, comment =
                 FALSE, floating = FALSE, lines = TRUE, hline.after =
                 NULL, add.to.row = NULL, sanitize.text.function =
                 NULL, append = FALSE, preamble = "", input.foldername
                 = NULL, save2input.only = NULL, caption = NULL, label
                 = paste("tab", last(strsplit(file.name, "/")[[1]]),
                 sep = " "), table.placement = "h!",
                 add.clear.page.between.tables = FALSE, longtable =
                 FALSE, verbose = FALSE, silent = TRUE, ...)

mytex.begin(file.name, preamble = "")

mytex.end(file.name)

mywrite(x, ...)

mywrite.csv(x, file = "tmp", row.names = FALSE, digits = NULL,
                 silent = TRUE, ...)

roundup (value, digits, na.to.empty=TRUE, remove.leading0=TRUE) 

formatDouble(value, digits, na.to.empty=TRUE, remove.leading0=TRUE)

Arguments

digit	tbddigit
silent	tbdnewline
input.foldername	tbdnewline
object	tbdnewline
newline	tbdnewline
print.name	tbddigits
save2input.only	Boolean
include.colnames	Boolean
col.headers	string. Column headers
comment	Boolean, whether to include the version and timestamp comment
hline.after	vector
add.to.row	a list
sanitize.text.function	a function
str	tbdvalue
remove.leading0	tbdvalue
caption	tbdvalue
longtable	tbdvalue
label	default to be the same as file.name stem
table.placement	tbdvalue
na.to.empty	tbdvalue
value	tbdvalue
digits	tbddigits
fill	tbdfill
models	tbdmodels
model.names	tbdmodel.names
row.major	tbdrow.major
round.digits	tbdround.digits
dat	tbddat
file.name	tbdfile.name
display	tbddisplay
align	tbdalign
append	tbdappend
preamble	tbdpreamble
include.rownames	tbdinclude.rownames
floating	tbdfloating
lines	tbdlines
...	tbd...
verbose	tbd...
x	tbdx
file	tbdfile
row.names	tbdrow.names
add.clear.page.between.tables	tbdrow.names

Examples

roundup (3.1, 2) # 3.10

formatInt(3, 2) # 03


## Not run:  

# demo of dimnames
tab=diag(1:4); rownames(tab)<-colnames(tab)<-1:4; names(dimnames(tab))=c("age","height")
# for greek letter in the labels, we need sanitize.text.function=identity
rownames(tab)[1]="$\alpha$"
# note that to use caption, floating needs to be TRUE
mytex (tab, file="tmp1", sanitize.text.function=identity, 
    caption="This is a caption .........................", caption.placement="top",
    floating=TRUE)

# col.headers has to have the RIGHT number of columns 
# but align is more flexible, may not need to include the rownames col
tab=diag(1:4); rownames(tab)<-colnames(tab)<-1:4
mytex (tab, file="tmp", include.rownames = TRUE, 
    align=c("c","c","c|","c","c"), col.headers=
    "\hline\n & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{Vaccine} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Control} \\ \n")
# not include rownames
mytex (tab, file="tmp", include.rownames = FALSE, 
    align=c("c","c","c|","c","c"), col.headers=
    "\hline\n     \multicolumn{2}{c|}{Vaccine} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Control} \\ \n") 
# It should work even if some rownames are duplicated
tab=diag(1:4); rownames(tab)=rep(1,4); colnames(tab)<-1:4
mytex (tab, file="tmp", include.rownames = TRUE, 
    align=c("c","c|","c","c"), col.headers=
    "\hline\n & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{Vaccine} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Control} \\ \n") 


# add.to.rows
tab=diag(1:4); rownames(tab)<-1:4; colnames(tab)<-c("a","b","c","d")
mytex (tab, file="tmp",
    add.to.row=list( list(0,2),
        c("          \multicolumn{5}{l}{Heading 1} \\ \n",
          "\hline\n \multicolumn{5}{l}{Heading 2}\\ \n"
    ))
)



## End(Not run)

---

Random Functions

Description

Generate samples from random variables.

Usage

dbern(x, prob, log = FALSE)

dcorbern(x, p, a, log = FALSE)

dmixnorm(x, mix.p, sd1, sd2, log = FALSE)

dnorm.norm.gamma(x, p, same.distr = FALSE, log = FALSE)

rbern(n, prob, generalized = FALSE)

rbigamma(n, shape.1, shape.2, rate.1, rate.2, rho)

rbilogistic(n, loc.1, loc.2, scale.1, scale.2, rho) 

rejective.sampling(N, n, pik)

rnorm.ar(n, sd, rho)

rnorm.norm.gamma(n, mu.0, lambda, alpha, beta)

rmixnorm (n, mix.p, mu1, mu2, sd1, sd2)

rdoublexp(n, location=0, scale=1) 
ddoublexp(x, location=0, scale=1) 
qdoublexp(p, location=0, scale=1) 
pdoublexp(q, location=0, scale=1) 

rbidoublexp(n, loc.1, loc.2, scale.1, scale.2, rho)

Arguments

q	tbdx
location	tbdx
scale	tbdx
x	tbdx
prob	tbdprob
log	tbdlog
p	tbdp
a	tbda
mix.p	tbdmix.p
sd1	tbdsd1
sd2	tbdsd2
same.distr	tbdsame.distr
n	tbdn
generalized	tbdgeneralized
N	tbdN
pik	tbdpik
mu	tbdmu
mu1	tbdmu
mu2	tbdmu
sd	tbdsd
alpha	tbdalpha
mu.0	tbdmu.0
lambda	tbdlambda
beta	tbdbeta
loc.1	tbdbeta
loc.2	tbdbeta
scale.1	tbdbeta
scale.2	tbdbeta
rate.1	tbdbeta
rate.2	tbdbeta
shape.1	tbdbeta
shape.2	tbdbeta
rho	tbdbeta

Details

rbern generates Bernoulli random variables.
rbilogistic generates a bivariate logistic distribution for correlation coefficient 0.5, or [-0.271, 0.478].
In the former case it is generated by calling rbilogis, part of the VGAM package; in the latter case it is generated via the AMH copular.
rnorm.ar simulate autoregressive normal random variables, correlation is rho^d between x_1 and x_(1+d)

Examples

set.seed(1)
rbern(n=10, p=1/2)
rbern(n=2, p=c(.999,.001))

## Not run: 
tmp=replicate(1e4, rnorm.cor(10, 1, .81))
round(cor(t(tmp)),2)

## End(Not run)

---

Regression Model Functions

Description

getFormattedSummary prints a table of regression coefficient estimates and standard errors.

Usage

getFormattedSummary(fits, type = 12, est.digits = 2, se.digits = 2,
 robust, random = FALSE, VE = FALSE, to.trim = FALSE,
 rows = NULL, coef.direct = FALSE, trunc.large.est =
 TRUE, scale.factor = 1, p.digits = 3, remove.leading0
 = FALSE, p.adj.method = "fdr", ...)

getVarComponent(object, ...)

getFixedEf(object, ...)

risk.cal(risk, binary.outcome, weights = NULL, ngroups = NULL, 
    cuts = NULL, main = "", add = FALSE, show.emp.risk = TRUE, 
    lcol = 2, ylim = NULL, scale = c("logit", "risk"))
interaction.table(fit, v1, v2, v1.type = "continuous", v2.type = "continuous",
logistic.regression = TRUE)


## S3 method for class 'coxph'
getFixedEf(object, exp=FALSE,robust=FALSE, ...)

## S3 method for class 'gam'
getFixedEf(object, ...)

## S3 method for class 'gee'
getFixedEf(object, exp = FALSE, ...)

## S3 method for class 'geese'
getFixedEf(object, robust = TRUE, ...)
## S3 method for class 'tps'
getFixedEf(object, exp=FALSE, robust=TRUE, ...)

## S3 method for class 'glm'
 getFixedEf(object, exp = FALSE, robust = TRUE, ret.robcov = FALSE, 
    ...)  

## S3 method for class 'svyglm'
 getFixedEf(object, exp = FALSE, robust = TRUE, ...)  
## S3 method for class 'svy_vglm'
 getFixedEf(object, exp = FALSE, robust = TRUE, ...)  

## S3 method for class 'svycoxph'
 getFixedEf(object, exp = FALSE, robust = TRUE, ...)  

## S3 method for class 'inla'
getFixedEf(object, ...)

## S3 method for class 'lm'
getFixedEf(object, ...)

## S3 method for class 'lme'
getFixedEf(object, ...)

## S3 method for class 'logistf'
getFixedEf(object, exp = FALSE, ...)

## S3 method for class 'matrix'
getFixedEf(object, ...)

## S3 method for class 'MIresult'
getFixedEf(object, ...)

## S3 method for class 'hyperpar.inla'
getVarComponent(object, transformation = NULL, ...)

## S3 method for class 'matrix'
getVarComponent(object, ...)

## S3 method for class 'geese'
coef(object, ...)
## S3 method for class 'tps'
coef(object, ...)

## S3 method for class 'geese'
predict(object, x, ...)
## S3 method for class 'tps'
predict(object, newdata = NULL, type = c("link", "response"), ...)

## S3 method for class 'geese'
residuals(object, y, x,...)

## S3 method for class 'geese'
vcov(object, ...)
## S3 method for class 'tps'
vcov(object, robust, ...)

## S3 method for class 'logistf'
vcov(object, ...)

Arguments

...	tbd...
object	tbdobject
fit	tbdfit
coef.direct	tbdfit
robust	Boolean, whether to return robust variance estimate
exp	tbdexp
remove.leading0	tbdexp
p.adj.method	tbdexp
cuts	tbdfits
ret.robcov	tbdfits
fits	tbdfits
type	tbdtype
est.digits	tbdest.digits
se.digits	tbdse.digits
p.digits	tbdse.digits
random	tbdrandom
VE	tbdrandom
transformation	tbdtransformation
weights	tbdv1
v1	tbdv1
v2	tbdv2
v1.type	tbdv1.type
v2.type	tbdv2.type
logistic.regression	tbdlogistic.regression
newdata	tbdx
x	tbdx
y	tbdy
to.trim	tbdy
rows	tbdy
risk	tbdfit
binary.outcome	tbdfit
ngroups	tbdfit
main	tbdfit
add	tbdfit
show.emp.risk	tbdfit
lcol	tbdfit
ylim	tbdfit
scale	tbdfit
trunc.large.est	tbdfit
scale.factor	tbdfit

Details

getFormattedSummary: from a list of fits, say lmer, inla fits, return formatted summary controlled by "type". For a matrix, return Monte Carlo variance random=TRUE returns variance components type=1: est type=2: est (se) type=3: est (2.5 percent, 97.5 percent) type=4: est se

getFixedEf returns a matrix, first column coef, second column se,

getFixedEf.matrix used to get mean and sd from a jags or winbugs sample, getVarComponent.matrix and getFixedEf.matrix do the same thing. Each column of samples is a variable

interaction.table expects coef and vcov to work with fit.

Examples

## Annette Dobson (1990) "An Introduction to Generalized Linear Models".
## Page 9: Plant Weight Data.
ctl <- c(4.17,5.58,5.18,6.11,4.50,4.61,5.17,4.53,5.33,5.14)
trt <- c(4.81,4.17,4.41,3.59,5.87,3.83,6.03,4.89,4.32,4.69)
group <- gl(2, 10, 20, labels = c("Ctl","Trt"))
weight <- c(ctl, trt)
lm.D9 <- lm(weight ~ group)
glm.D9 <- glm(weight ~ group)
getFormattedSummary (list(lm.D9, glm.D9), robust=FALSE)

---

ROC and AUC

Description

ROC/AUC methods. fastauc calculates the AUC using a sort operation, instead of summing over pairwise differences in R.
computeRoc computes an ROC curve.
plotRoc plots an ROC curve.
addRoc adds an ROC curve to a plot.
classification.error computes classification error

Usage

fastauc (score, outcome, t0 = 0, t1 = 1, reverse.sign.if.nece = TRUE, quiet = FALSE)
computeRoc (score, outcome, reverse.sign.if.nece = TRUE, cutpoints
         = NULL)
plotRoc(x, add = FALSE, type = "l", diag.line=TRUE,...)
addRoc (x,...)
classification.error(score, outcome, threshold=NULL, verbose=FALSE)

Arguments

score	a vector. Linear combination or score.
outcome	a vector of 0 and 1. Outcome.
t0	a number between 0 and 1 that is the lower boundary of pAUC
t1	a number between 0 and 1 that is the upper boundary of pAUC
reverse.sign.if.nece	a boolean. If TRUE, score is multiplied by -1 if AUC is less than 0.5.
x	a list of two elements: sensitivity and specificity.
diag.line	boolean. If TRUE, a diagonal line is plotted
add	boolean. If TRUE, add to existing plot. If FALSE, create a new plot.
quiet	boolean
cutpoints	cutpoints
threshold	threshold
verbose	boolean
type	line type for lines
...	arguments passed to plot or lines

Details

These functions originally come from Thomas Lumley and Tianxi Cai et al.

Value

computeRoc returns a list of sensitivity and specificity.
plotRoc and addRoc plots ROC curves.

Author(s)

Shuxin Yin
Youyi Fong [email protected]
Krisztian Sebestyen

Examples

n=1e2
score=c(rnorm(n/2,1), rnorm(n/2,0))
outcome=rep(1:0, each=n/2)
# cannot print due to r cmd check
#plotRoc(computeRoc(score, outcome))

# commented out b/c slower on pc and cause note when r cmd check
## test, fastauc2 is a version without all the checking
#score=rnorm(1e5)
#outcome=rbinom(1e5,1,.5)
#system.time(for (i in 1:1e2) fastauc(score,outcome)) # 4.9 sec
#system.time(for (i in 1:1e2) fastauc2(score,outcome)) # 3.8 sec

---

Simulation Functions for Time-dependent Proportional Hazard Model

Description

sim.dat.tvarying.three simulates from a model with time varing age group variale of three levels, sim.dat.tvarying.two two.

Usage

sim.dat.tvarying.three(n, followup.length, incidence.density, 
    age.sim = c("tvaryinggroup", "baselinegroup", "continuous","bt"),
    random.censoring.rate = 0.05, seed)
    
sim.dat.tvarying.two(n, followup.length, incidence.density, 
    age.sim = c("tvaryinggroup", "baselinegroup", "continuous","bt"), 
    random.censoring.rate = 0.05, seed)

Arguments

n	integer. Sample size.
followup.length	numeric. Length of followup, in years.
incidence.density	numeric. Incidence rate per year.
age.sim	string. Choose between one of three possibilities. tvaryinggroup: age group is time-varying covariate; baselinegroup: age group is a baseline covariate; continuous: age is a continuous covariate; bt: age group by treatment interaction uses baseline age group, while age group main effect uses time-dependent age group
random.censoring.rate	numeric. Amount of random censoring.
seed	integer. Random number generator seed.

Details

In sim.dat.tvarying.three, baseline age is uniformly distributed between 2.0 and 16.0, and divivded into three groups at 6 and 12. In sim.dat.tvarying.two, baseline age is uniformly distributed between 2.0 and 12.0, and divivded into two groups at 6.

Value

Return a data frame with the following columns:

ptid	subject identifier
trt	treatment indicator 0/1
for.non.tvarying.ana	Boolean, used to subset dataset for non-time dependent analysis
C	censoring time
baseline.age	age years at baseline
agegrp	a factor with levels [0,6) [6,12) [12,100)
baseline.agegrp	a factor with levels [0,6) [6,12) [12,100)
tstart	left bound of time interval
tstop	right bound of time interval
d	event indicator
X	followup time, in years

Author(s)

Youyi Fong

See Also

make.timedep.dataset

Examples

library(survival)

dat=sim.dat.tvarying.three(n=6000,followup.length=3, incidence.density=0.05, 
    age.sim="tvaryinggroup", seed=1)
f.tvarying = Surv(tstart,tstop,d) ~ trt*agegrp 
f =          Surv(X,d)            ~ trt*baseline.agegrp 
fits=list()
fits[["tvarying"]]=coxph(f.tvarying, dat)
fits[["baseline"]]=coxph(f, subset(dat, for.non.tvarying.ana))
fits

---

Stat Functions

Description

H calculates entropy.

Usage

H(p, logbase = c("e", "2"))

mutual.info(two.way.table, logbase = c("e", "2"))

cor.mixed(x, ...)

## Default S3 method:
 cor.mixed(x, na.fun, method=c("pearson","spearman"), ...)
## S3 method for class 'vector'
 cor.mixed(x, y, na.fun, method=c("pearson","spearman"), ...) 
## S3 method for class 'formula'
 cor.mixed(formula, data, na.fun, method=c("pearson","spearman"), ...) 

skew (x, na.rm = FALSE) 

info.cor(two.way.table)

yule.y(two.by.two.matrix)

kappacor(two.by.two.matrix, weight = c(1, 1), maximum = FALSE)

l.measure(two.by.two.matrix)

Arguments

p	either a count vector or a probability vector, but can not be a vector of membership indicator
logbase	tbdlogbase
na.rm	tbdlogbase
two.way.table	tbdtwo.way.table
x	tbdx
...	tbd...
na.fun	tbdna.fun
method	tbdmethod
y	tbdy
formula	tbdformula
data	tbddata
two.by.two.matrix	tbdtwo.by.two.matrix
weight	tbdweight
maximum	tbdmaximum

Examples

H(rep(1/5,5))
H(rep(3,5))

---

String Functions

Description

%+% concatenates its arguments and returns a string.

Usage

a %.% b

contain(s1, s2)
trim (x, trim.trailing=TRUE, trim.leading=TRUE)  

escapeUnderline(name)

fileStem(file.name)

firstIndex(s1, s2)

getExt(file.name)

getFileStem(file.name)

getStem(file.name)

lastIndex(s1, s2)

remove.prefix(s, sep = "_")

Arguments

a	a
b	b
s1	s1
s2	s2
name	name
file.name	file.name
s	s
sep	sep
x	sep
trim.leading	sep
trim.trailing	sep

Examples

x=1
x %.% "b" %.% "c"

---

Testing Functions

Description

Testing functions.

Usage

hosmerlem(y, yhat, g = 10)

quick.t.test(x, y, var.equal = FALSE)

signtest(x)

tukey.mtest(mu, ms, n)

vector.t.test(mean.x, mean.y, var.x, var.y, n)

myfisher.test(x,y,...)

mycor.test(x, method = c("pearson", "kendall", "spearman"), idx =
 NULL)

Arguments

...	tbd
y	tbdy
yhat	tbdyhat
g	tbdg
x	tbdx
var.equal	tbdvar.equal
method	tbdmethod
mu	tbdmu
ms	tbdms
n	tbdn
mean.x	tbdmean.x
mean.y	tbdmean.y
var.x	tbdvar.x
var.y	tbdvar.y
idx	tbdvar.y

Examples

signtest(runif(10))

---

Vaccine Efficacy Plots

Description

Vaccine efficacy plots.

Usage

VEplot (object, ...) 
 
## S3 method for class 'cox.zph'
 VEplot(object, resid = TRUE, se = TRUE, df = 4, nsmo = 40, 
    var, ylab="VE", xlab="Time", xaxt="s", cex.axis=1, ...) 

## S3 method for class 'glm'
VEplot(object, X1, X2, x, ...)

## S3 method for class 'cox.zph'
 myplot(object, resid = TRUE, se = TRUE, df = 4, nsmo = 40, var, 
    coef.transform=NULL, 
    ylab=NULL, 
    xlab="Time", xaxt="s", cex.axis=1, 
    ...)

Arguments

object	An object
resid	Boolean, whether to plot residuals
se	Boolean, whether to plot confidence band
df	degrees of freedom
nsmo	number of points used to plot the fitted spline
var	estimated variance matrix from the Cox model fit
xlab	x label
xaxt	x axis
cex.axis	cex for axis
ylab	y label
coef.transform	a function to transform Cox hazard ratio estimate
X1	a matrix of dimension k by p, where k is the length of x (see below) and p is the length of coef(object)
X2	a matrix of dimension k by p, where k is the length of x (see below) and p is the length of coef(object)
x	a vector of length k that represents the x coordinate of the VE plot
...	additional parameters

Details

VEplot and myplot.cox.zph are extensions of survival::plot.cox.zph to plot VE curve and other transformations.

myplot.cox.zph adds the following parameters to the original list of parameters in plot.cox.zph: coef.transform: a function to transform the coefficients ylab: y axis label xlab: x axis label

VEplot.glm computes a series of k VEs: for i in 1...k, VE[i] = P(Y=1|X1[i,])/P(Y=1|X2[i,]). It returns a 3 by k matrix, whose first row contains VE estimates and the second and third rows contain lower and upper bounds, respectively.

Author(s)

Youyi Fong, Dennis Chao

References

Durham, Longini, Halloran, Clemens, Azhar and Rao (1998) "Estimation of vaccine efficacy in the presence of waning: application to cholera vaccines." American Journal of Epidemiology 147(10): 948-959.

Examples

library(survival)
vfit <- coxph(Surv(time,status) ~ trt + factor(celltype) + 
              karno + age, data=veteran, x=TRUE) 
temp <- cox.zph(vfit) 

par(mfrow=c(2,2))
for (v in c("trt","age")) {
    VEplot(temp, var=v, resid=FALSE, main=v, ylab="VE", cex.axis=1.5)
    plot(temp, var=v, resid=FALSE, main=v)
}

library(survival)
fit <- glm(status ~ trt + trt*age, data=veteran) 
summary(fit)
age=seq(min(veteran$age),max(veteran$age),length=10)
out = VEplot(fit, X1=cbind(1,1,age,1*age), X2=cbind(1,0,age,0*age), x=age)
out

---