This package provides functions for calculating Floristic Quality Assessment (FQA) metrics using regional FQA databases that have been approved or approved with reservations as ecological planning models by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). These databases are stored in a sister R package, fqadata. Both packages were developed for the USACE by the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center’s Environmental Laboratory.
To complete this tutorial interactively, follow along in R studio.
#attach packages required for this tutorial
library(fqacalc) #for FQA calculations
library(dplyr) #for data manipulation
#>
#> Attaching package: 'dplyr'
#> The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
#>
#> filter, lag
#> The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
#>
#> intersect, setdiff, setequal, unionfqacalc contains all regional FQA databases that have
been either fully approved or approved with reservations for use by the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. By referencing these databases, the
package can assign a Coefficient of Conservatism (or C Value) to each
plant species that the user inputs. A list of regional FQA databases can
be viewed using the db_names() function, and specific FQA
databases can be accessed using the view_db() function.
Below is an example of how to view one of the regional databases.
#view a list of all available databases
head(db_names()$fqa_db)
#> [1] "appalachian_mountains_2013" "atlantic_coastal_pine_barrens_2018"
#> [3] "chicago_region_2017" "coastal_plain_southeast_2013"
#> [5] "colorado_2020" "dakotas_excluding_black_hills_2017"
#NOTE citations for lists can be viewed using db_names()$citation
#store the Colorado database as an object
colorado <- view_db("colorado_2020")
#view it
head(colorado)
#> name name_origin acronym accepted_scientific_name
#> 1 ABIES BIFOLIA accepted_scientific_name ABBI3 Abies bifolia
#> 2 ABIES LASIOCARPA synonym <NA> Abies bifolia
#> 3 ABIES CONCOLOR accepted_scientific_name ABCO Abies concolor
#> 4 ABRONIA ELLIPTICA accepted_scientific_name ABEL Abronia elliptica
#> 5 ABRONIA FRAGRANS accepted_scientific_name ABFR2 Abronia fragrans
#> 6 ABRONIA GLABRIFOLIA accepted_scientific_name ABAR Abronia glabrifolia
#> family nativity c w wetland_indicator physiognomy duration
#> 1 Pinaceae native 5 1 FACU tree perennial
#> 2 Pinaceae native 5 1 FACU tree perennial
#> 3 Pinaceae native 5 NA <NA> tree perennial
#> 4 Nyctaginaceae native 4 NA <NA> forb perennial
#> 5 Nyctaginaceae native 6 NA <NA> forb perennial
#> 6 Nyctaginaceae native 9 NA <NA> forb perennial
#> common_name fqa_db
#> 1 <NA> colorado_2020
#> 2 <NA> colorado_2020
#> 3 <NA> colorado_2020
#> 4 <NA> colorado_2020
#> 5 <NA> colorado_2020
#> 6 <NA> colorado_2020fqacalc also comes with sample inventory data from
Crooked Island, Michigan, downloaded from the Universal FQA Calculator. The data
set is called crooked_island and is used in this tutorial
to demonstrate how the package works. When calculating metrics for
crooked_island, use the ‘michigan_2014’ regional database.
#view the data
head(crooked_island)
#> acronym common_name name
#> 1 ABIBAL balsam fir Abies balsamea
#> 2 AMMBRE marram grass Ammophila breviligulata
#> 3 ANTELE white camas Anticlea elegans
#> 4 ARCUVA bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
#> 5 ARTCAM wormwood Artemisia campestris
#> 6 CALEPI reedgrass Calamagrostis epigeios
#print the dimensions (35 rows and 3 columns)
dim(crooked_island)
#> [1] 35 3
#view the documentation for the data set (bottom right pane of R studio)
?crooked_island
#load the data set into local environment
crooked_island <- crooked_islandData (inventory or transect) can be read into R for analysis using
base R or the readxl package (for .xls or .xlsx files).
If the data is a csv file, it can be read in using
read.csv(). For example, code to read in data might look
like my_data <- read.csv("path/to/my/data.csv"). If the
data is in an Excel file, it can be read in with the same code, but
replace read.csv() with read_excel().
In order to calculate FQA metrics using fqacalc, the
data must be in the following format:
The data must have either a column named name
containing scientific names of plant species, or a column named
acronym containing acronyms of plant species. Different
regional FQA databases use different naming conventions and have
different ways of creating acronyms (and some don’t have acronyms!) so
be sure to look at the relevant regional database to check that the site
assessment is using the same conventions. Names/acronyms do not have to
be in the same case, but otherwise must exactly match their counterpart
in the regional FQA database in order to be recognized by
fqacalc functions.
If the user is calculating cover-weighted metrics, the data must
have another column containing cover values and it must be called
cover. If the cover values are in percent cover, they must
be between 0-100. If they are in a cover class, such as the
Braun-Blanquet classification system, they must be correct for that
class or else they won’t be recognized. See the section on
cover-weighted functions to learn more about cover classes.
If the user is calculating cover-weighted metrics for a transect containing multiple plots, the data should also have a column containing the plot ID. The plot ID column can have any name, and it can contain numbers or characters, as long as the IDs are exactly the same within plots but distinct between plots.
In this case, each observation is one row, containing the species name or acronym, the cover value, and the plot ID. It might look something like this:
| plot_id | name | cover |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Plant A | 20 |
| 1 | Plant B | 50 |
| 2 | Plant C | 35 |
| 2 | Plant D | 45 |
fqacalc contains two functions that help the user
understand how the data they input matches up to the regional database:
accepted_entries() and unassigned_plants().
accepted_entries() is a function that shows which plant
species in the input data frame are successfully matched to species in
the regional database, and unassigned_plants() shows which
species are matched but don’t have a C value stored in the regional
database.
accepted_enteries shows which species are recognized,
but it also provides warnings when a species is not recognized. To
demonstrate this we can add a mistake to the crooked_island
data set.
#introduce a typo
mistake_island <- crooked_island %>%
mutate(name = sub("Abies balsamea", "Abies blahblah", name))
#store accepted entries
accepted_entries <- accepted_entries(#this is the data
mistake_island,
#'key' to join data to regional database
key = "name",
#this is the regional database
db = "michigan_2014",
#include native AND introduced entries
native = FALSE)
#> Species ABIES BLAHBLAH not listed in database. It will be discarded.Now, when we use accepted_entries() to see which species
were matched to the regional data set, we can see that we received a
message about the species ‘ABIES BLAHBLAH’ being discarded and we can
also see that the accepted entries data set we created only has 34
entries instead of the expected 35 entries.
In some cases, a plant species can be matched to the regional
database, but the species is not associated with any C Value. Plant
species that are matched but have no C Value will be excluded from FQA
metric calculation but they can optionally be included in other
metrics like species richness, relative cover, relative frequency,
relative importance, and mean wetness, as well as any summarizing
functions containing these metrics. This option is denoted with the
allow_no_c argument.
unassigned_plants() is a function that shows the user
which plant species have not been assigned a C Value.
#To see unassigned_plants in action we're going to Montana!
#first create a df of plants to input
no_c_plants<- data.frame(name = c("ABRONIA FRAGRANS",
"ACER GLABRUM",
"ACER GRANDIDENTATUM",
"ACER PLATANOIDES"))
#then create a df of unassigned plants
unassigned_plants(no_c_plants, key = "name", db = "montana_2017")
#> montana_2017 does not have wetness coefficients, wetland metrics cannot be calculated.
#> name name_origin acronym accepted_scientific_name
#> 1 ABRONIA FRAGRANS accepted_scientific_name <NA> Abronia fragrans
#> 2 ACER GRANDIDENTATUM accepted_scientific_name <NA> Acer grandidentatum
#> family nativity c w wetland_indicator physiognomy duration
#> 1 Nyctaginaceae native NA NA <NA> <NA> <NA>
#> 2 Aceraceae undetermined NA NA <NA> <NA> <NA>
#> common_name fqa_db
#> 1 Fragrant White Sand-Verbena montana_2017
#> 2 Bigtooth Maple montana_2017The function returns two species that are in the ‘montana_2017’ databases but aren’t assigned a C Value.
If the data contains duplicate species, they will be excluded from certain FQA metrics. For example, species richness counts the number of unique species, so duplicates are not allowed. Generally, duplicates are excluded for all unweighted (inventory) metrics but can optionally be included in cover-weighted metrics and are always included in relative metrics.
Duplicate behavior in cover-weighted functions is controlled by the
allow_duplicates argument and the plot_id
argument. If allow_duplicates = FALSE, no duplicate species
will be allowed at all, no matter how plot_id is set. If
allow_duplicates = TRUE and the plot_id
argument is set, duplicate species will be allowed if they are in
different plots.
If there are duplicates, and the user is attempting to perform a cover-weighted calculation where duplicates are not allowed, the duplicated species will be condensed into one entry with an aggregate cover value. A message will notify the user if this occurs. See this example.
#write a dataframe with duplicates
transect <- data.frame(acronym = c("ABEESC", "ABIBAL", "AMMBRE",
"AMMBRE", "ANTELE", "ABEESC",
"ABIBAL", "AMMBRE"),
cover = c(50, 4, 20, 30, 30, 40, 7, 60),
plot_id = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2))
#set allow_duplicates to FALSE
cover_FQI(transect, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014",
native = FALSE, allow_duplicates = FALSE)
#> Duplicate entries detected. Duplicates will only be counted once. Cover values of duplicate species will be added together.
#> [1] 11.89212
#set allow_duplicates to TRUE
#but set plot_id so duplicates will not be allowed within the same plot
cover_FQI(transect, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014",
native = FALSE, allow_duplicates = FALSE, plot_id = "plot_id")
#> Duplicate entries detected. Duplicates will only be counted once. Cover values of duplicate species will be added together.
#> [1] 11.35398Some regional FQA databases include accepted scientific names as well
as commonly used synonyms. As long as these synonyms are in the regional
database, they will be recognized by fqacalc functions.
There are a few important rules regarding synonyms.
If both the synonym and the accepted name are used in the data, the synonym will be converted to the accepted name and both observations will only count as one species.
If the data contains a name that is listed as a synonym to one species and an accepted name to a different species, it will default to the species with the matching accepted name.
If the data contains a species that is listed as a synonym to multiple species in the regional FQA database, this entry will not be included! To include the species, enter the accepted scientific name instead of the synonym.
In all of these cases, fqacalc functions will print
messages to warn the user about synonym issues. See this example:
#df where some entries are listed as accepted name and synonym of other species
synonyms <- data.frame(name = c("CAREX FOENEA", "ABIES BIFOLIA"),
cover = c(60, 10))
mean_c(synonyms, key = "name", db = "wyoming_2017", native = F)
#> CAREX FOENEA is an accepted scientific name and a synonym. It will default to accepted scientific name.
#> [1] 6fqacalc contains a variety of functions that calculate
Total Species Richness, Native Species Richness, Mean C, Native Mean C,
Total FQI, Native FQI, and Adjusted FQI. All of these functions
eliminate duplicate species and species that cannot be found in the
regional database. All but Total Species Richness and Native Species
Richness automatically eliminate species that are not associated with a
C Value.
In general, all of these metric functions have the same arguments.
x: A data frame containing a list of plant
species. This data frame must have one of the following
columns: name or acronym.
key: A character string representing the column
that will be used to join the input x with the regional FQA
database. If a value is not specified the default is name.
name and acronym are the only acceptable
values for key.
db: A character string representing the regional
FQA database to use. See db_names() for a list of potential
values.
native: native Boolean (TRUE or FALSE). If TRUE, calculate metrics using only native species.
Additionally, species_richness() and
all_metrics() have an argument called
allow_no_c. If allow_no_c = TRUE than species
that are in the regional FQA database but don’t have C Values will be
included. If allow_no_c is FALSE, then these species will
be omitted. This argument is also found in mean_w() and all
of the relative functions.
#total mean c
mean_c(crooked_island, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014", native = FALSE)
#> [1] 5.371429
#native mean C
mean_c(crooked_island, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014", native = TRUE)
#> [1] 6.714286
#total FQI
FQI(crooked_island, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014", native = FALSE)
#> [1] 31.7778
#native FQI
FQI(crooked_island, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014", native = TRUE)
#> [1] 35.52866
#adjusted FQI (always includes both native and introduced species)
adjusted_FQI(crooked_island, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014")
#> [1] 60.0544And finally, all_metrics() prints all of the metrics in
a data frame format.
#a summary of all metrics (always includes both native and introduced)
#can optionally include species with no C value
#--if TRUE, this species will count in species richness and mean wetness metrics
all_metrics(crooked_island, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014", allow_no_c = TRUE)
#> metrics values
#> 1 Total Species Richness 35.0000000
#> 2 Native Species Richness 28.0000000
#> 3 Introduced Species Richness 7.0000000
#> 4 % of Species with no C Value 0.0000000
#> 5 % of Species with 0 C Value 20.0000000
#> 6 % of Species with 1-3 C Value 8.5714286
#> 7 % of Species with 4-6 C Value 34.2857143
#> 8 % of Species with 7-10 C Value 37.1428571
#> 9 Mean C 5.3714286
#> 10 Native Mean C 6.7142857
#> 11 Total FQI 31.7778000
#> 12 Native FQI 35.5286605
#> 13 Adjusted FQI 60.0543971
#> 14 Mean Wetness 0.7142857
#> 15 Native Mean Wetness 0.8571429
#> 16 % Hydrophytes 37.1428571All of the functions are documented with help pages.
Cover-Weighted Functions calculate the same metrics but they are
weighted by species abundance. Therefore, the input data frame must also
have a column named cover containing cover values. Cover
values can be continuous (i.e. percent cover) or classed (e.g. using the
Braun-Blanquet method).
The following tables describe how cover classes are converted to percent cover. Internally, cover-weighted functions convert cover classes to the percent cover midpoint. For this reason, using percent cover is recommended over using cover classes.
Braun-Blanquet, Josias. “Plant sociology. The study of plant communities.” Plant sociology. The study of plant communities. First ed. (1932).
| Braun-Blanquet Classes | % Cover Range | Midpoint |
|---|---|---|
| + | <1% | 0.1 |
| 1 | <5% | 2.5 |
| 2 | 5-25% | 15 |
| 3 | 25-50% | 37.5 |
| 4 | 50-75% | 62.5 |
| 4 | 75-100% | 87.5 |
Lee, Michael T., Robert K. Peet, Steven D. Roberts, and Thomas R. Wentworth. “CVS-EEP protocol for recording vegetation.” Carolina Vegetation Survey. Retrieved August 17 (2006): 2008.
| Carolina Veg Survey Classes | % Cover Range | Midpoint |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | <0.1 | 0.1 |
| 2 | 0-1% | 0.5 |
| 3 | 1-2% | 1.5 |
| 4 | 2-5% | 3.5 |
| 5 | 5-10% | 7.5 |
| 6 | 10-25% | 17.5 |
| 7 | 25-50% | 37.5 |
| 8 | 50-75% | 62.5 |
| 9 | 75-95% | 85 |
| 10 | 95-100% | 97.5 |
R. F. Daubenmire. “A canopy-cover method of vegetational analysis”. Northwest Science 33:43–46. (1959)
| Daubenmire Classes | % Cover Range | Midpoint |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0-5% | 2.5 |
| 2 | 5-25% | 15 |
| 3 | 25-50% | 37.5 |
| 4 | 50-75% | 62.5 |
| 5 | 75-95% | 85 |
| 6 | 95-100% | 97.5 |
Barber, Jim, and Dave Vanderzanden. “The Region 1 existing vegetation map products (VMap) release 9.1.” USDA Forest Service, Region 1 (2009): 200.
| USFS Ecodata Classes | % Cover Range | Midpoint |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | <1% | 0.5 |
| 3 | 1.1-5% | 3 |
| 10 | 5.1-15% | 10 |
| 20 | 15.1-25% | 20 |
| 30 | 25.1-35% | 30 |
| 40 | 35.1-45% | 40 |
| 50 | 45.1-55% | 50 |
| 60 | 55.1-65% | 60 |
| 70 | 65.1-75% | 70 |
| 80 | 75.1-85% | 80 |
| 90 | 85.1-95% | 90 |
| 98 | 95.1-100% | 98 |
Cover-Weighted functions come in two flavors: Transect-level and
plot-level. Transect-level metrics are those that calculate a metric for
an entire transect, which typically includes multiple plots.
transect_summary and plot_summary are both
always calculated at the transect-level. Plot-level metrics calculate a
metric for a single plot. cover_mean_c and
cover_FQI can be transect-level or plot-level. It is up to
the user to decide if they are calculating a transect-level or a
plot-level metric.
To calculate cover_mean_c and cover_FQI at
the transect-level, set allow_duplicate = TRUE, because
different plots along the transect may contain the same species. It is
also highly recommended to include a plot ID column and set the
plot_id argument to be equal to that column name. This will
allow duplicate species between plots but not allow duplication within
plots.
To calculate cover_mean_c and cover_FQI at
the plot-level, set allow_duplicate = FALSE. There is no
need to set the plot_id argument because duplicate species
will not be allowed under any circumstance.
If duplicated species are found where they are not supposed to be, the duplicated entries will only be counted once and their cover values will be added together. The user will also receive a message stating duplicates have been removed.
Cover-Weighted Functions have a few additional arguments:
cover_class: A character string representing the
cover method used. Acceptable cover methods are:
"percent_cover", "carolina_veg_survey",
"braun-blanquet", "doubinmire", and
"usfs_ecodata". "percent_cover" is the default
and is recommended.
allow_duplicates: Boolean (TRUE or FALSE). If
TRUE, allow duplicate entries of the same species. If FALSE, do not
allow species duplication. See cover-weighted function description.
Setting allow_duplicates to TRUE is best for calculating
metrics for multiple plots which potentially contain the same species.
Setting allow_duplicates to FALSE is best for calculating
metrics for a single plot, where each species is entered once along with
its total cover value.
plot_id: A character string representing the
column in x that contains plot identification values.
plot_id is a required argument in
plot_summary, where it acts as a grouping variable.
plot_id is optional but recommended for cover-weighted
functions and frequency functions. If plot_id is set in a
cover-weighted function or a frequency function, it only prevents
duplicates from occurring in the same plot. It does not act as a
grouping variable.
#first make a hypothetical plot with cover values
plot <- data.frame(acronym = c("ABEESC", "ABIBAL", "AMMBRE", "ANTELE"),
name = c("Abelmoschus esculentus",
"Abies balsamea", "Ammophila breviligulata",
"Anticlea elegans; zigadenus glaucus"),
cover = c(50, 4, 20, 30))
#now make up a transect
transect <- data.frame(acronym = c("ABEESC", "ABIBAL", "AMMBRE",
"AMMBRE", "ANTELE", "ABEESC",
"ABIBAL", "AMMBRE"),
cover = c(50, 4, 20, 30, 30, 40, 7, 60),
plot_id = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2))
#plot cover mean c (no duplicates allowed)
cover_mean_c(plot, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014",
native = FALSE, cover_class = "percent_cover",
allow_duplicates = FALSE)
#> [1] 4.923077
#transect cover mean c (duplicates allowed along unless in the same plot)
cover_mean_c(transect, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014",
native = FALSE, cover_class = "percent_cover",
allow_duplicates = TRUE, plot_id = "plot_id")
#> Duplicate entries detected in the same plot. Duplicates in the same plot will be counted once. Cover values of duplicate species will be added together.
#> [1] 6.394834
#cover-weighted FQI
#you can choose to allow duplicates depending on if species are in a single plot
cover_FQI(transect, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014", native = FALSE,
cover_class = "percent_cover",
allow_duplicates = TRUE)
#> [1] 11.66145
#transect summary function (always allows duplicates)
transect_summary(transect, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014")
#> metrics values
#> 1 Total Species Richness 4.0000000
#> 2 Native Species Richness 3.0000000
#> 3 Introduced Species Richness 1.0000000
#> 4 % of Species with no C Value 0.0000000
#> 5 % of Species with 0 C Value 25.0000000
#> 6 % of Species with 1-3 C Value 25.0000000
#> 7 % of Species with 4-6 C Value 0.0000000
#> 8 % of Species with 7-10 C Value 50.0000000
#> 9 Mean C 5.7500000
#> 10 Native Mean C 7.6666667
#> 11 Cover-Weighted Mean C 5.8307255
#> 12 Cover-Weighted Native Mean C 9.4665127
#> 13 Total FQI 11.5000000
#> 14 Native FQI 13.2790562
#> 15 Cover-Weighted FQI 11.6614509
#> 16 Cover-Weighted Native FQI 16.3964810
#> 17 Adjusted FQI 66.3952810
#> 18 Mean Wetness 1.7500000
#> 19 Native Mean Wetness 0.6666667
#> 20 % Hydrophytes 12.5000000There is also a plot summary function that summarizes plots along a transect. Data is input as a single data frame containing species per plot. This data frame must also have a column representing the plot that the species was observed in.
Because it is sometimes useful to calculate the total amount of bare ground or un-vegetated water in a plot, the user can also choose to include bare ground or water. To get this feature to work, the user must set another argument:
If allow_non_veg is true, the user can include
“UNVEGETATED GROUND” or “UNVEGETATED WATER” along with plant species.
They can also use acronyms “GROUND” or “WATER”.
#print transect to view structure of data
transect_unveg <- data.frame(acronym = c("GROUND", "ABEESC", "ABIBAL", "AMMBRE",
"ANTELE", "WATER", "GROUND", "ABEESC",
"ABIBAL", "AMMBRE"),
cover = c(60, 50, 4, 20, 30, 20, 20, 40, 7, 60),
quad_id = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2))
#plot summary of a transect
#duplicates are allowed, unless they are in the same plot
plot_summary(x = transect_unveg, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014",
cover_class = "percent_cover",
plot_id = "quad_id")
#> Species c("GROUND", "WATER", "GROUND") does not have a wetness coefficient. It will be omitted from wetness metric calculations.
#> quad_id species_richness native_species_richness mean_wetness mean_c
#> 1 1 4 3 1.750000 5.750000
#> 2 2 3 2 3.333333 4.333333
#> native_mean_c cover_mean_c FQI native_FQI cover_FQI native_cover_FQI
#> 1 7.666667 4.923077 11.500000 13.279056 9.846154 16.42241
#> 2 6.500000 5.803738 7.505553 9.192388 10.052370 13.10786
#> adjusted_FQI percent_ground_cover percent_water_cover
#> 1 66.39528 60 NA
#> 2 53.07228 20 20Relative functions calculate relative frequency, relative coverage,
and relative importance for each species, physiognomic group, or family.
fqacalc also contains a species summary function that
produces a summary of each species’ relative metrics in a data frame.
Relative functions always allow duplicate species observations. If a
plot ID column is indicated using the plot_id argument,
duplicates will not be allowed if they occur in the same plot. Relative
functions also always allow “ground” and “water” to be included.
Relative functions have one additional argument which tells the functions what to calculate the relative value of:
Relative functions do not distinguish between native and introduced.
#To calculate the relative value of a tree
#relative frequency
relative_frequency(transect, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014",
col = "physiog")
#> physiognomy relative_frequency
#> 1 forb 37.5
#> 2 grass 37.5
#> 3 tree 25.0
#can also include bare ground and water in the data
#here transect_unveg is data containing ground and water defined previously
relative_frequency(transect_unveg, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014",
col = "physiog")
#> physiognomy relative_frequency
#> 1 Unvegetated Ground 20
#> 2 Unvegetated Water 10
#> 3 forb 30
#> 4 grass 20
#> 5 tree 20
#relative cover
relative_cover(transect, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014",
col = "family", cover_class = "percent_cover")
#> family relative_cover
#> 1 Malvaceae 37.344398
#> 2 Melanthiaceae 12.448133
#> 3 Pinaceae 4.564315
#> 4 Poaceae 45.643154
#relative importance
relative_importance(transect, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014",
col = "species", cover_class = "percent_cover")
#> name relative_importance
#> 1 ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS 31.17220
#> 2 ABIES BALSAMEA 14.78216
#> 3 AMMOPHILA BREVILIGULATA 41.57158
#> 4 ANTICLEA ELEGANS 12.47407
#species summary (including ground and water)
species_summary(transect_unveg, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014",
cover_class = "percent_cover")
#> acronym name nativity c w frequency coverage
#> 1 ABEESC ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS introduced 0 5 2 90
#> 2 ABIBAL ABIES BALSAMEA native 3 0 2 11
#> 3 AMMBRE AMMOPHILA BREVILIGULATA native 10 5 2 80
#> 4 ANTELE ANTICLEA ELEGANS native 10 -3 1 30
#> 5 GROUND UNVEGETATED GROUND <NA> 0 NA 2 80
#> 6 WATER UNVEGETATED WATER <NA> 0 NA 1 20
#> relative_frequency relative_cover relative_importance
#> 1 20 28.938907 24.469453
#> 2 20 3.536977 11.768489
#> 3 20 25.723473 22.861736
#> 4 10 9.646302 9.823151
#> 5 20 25.723473 22.861736
#> 6 10 6.430868 8.215434
#physiognomy summary (including ground and water)
physiog_summary(transect_unveg, key = "acronym", db = "michigan_2014",
cover_class = "percent_cover")
#> physiognomy frequency coverage relative_frequency relative_cover
#> 1 Unvegetated Ground 2 80 20 25.723473
#> 2 Unvegetated Water 1 20 10 6.430868
#> 3 forb 3 120 30 38.585209
#> 4 grass 2 80 20 25.723473
#> 5 tree 2 11 20 3.536977
#> relative_importance
#> 1 22.861736
#> 2 8.215434
#> 3 34.292605
#> 4 22.861736
#> 5 11.768489fqacalc has one wetness metric function called
mean_w, which calculates the mean wetness coefficient. The
wetness coefficient is based off of the wetland indicator status.
Negative wetness coefficients indicate a stronger affinity for wetlands,
while positive wetness coefficients indicate an affinity for
uplands.
mean_w can optionally include species without a C value,
as long as they do have a wetness coefficient.