To cite package ‘ff’ in publications use:

  Adler D, Oehlschlägel J (2026). _ff: Memory-Efficient Storage of
  Large Data on Disk and Fast Access Functions_. R package version
  4.5.3, <https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ff>.

A BibTeX entry for LaTeX users is

  @Manual{,
    title = {ff: Memory-Efficient Storage of Large Data on Disk and Fast Access
Functions},
    author = {Daniel Adler and Jens Oehlschlägel},
    year = {2026},
    note = {R package version 4.5.3},
    url = {https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ff},
  }