Package 'emphatic' reference manual

Title:	Exploratory Analysis of Tabular Data using Colour Highlighting
Description:	Tools for exploratory analysis of tabular data using colour highlighting. Highlighting is displayed in any console supporting 'ANSI' colours, and can be converted to 'HTML', 'typst', 'latex' and 'SVG'. 'quarto' and 'rmarkdown' rendering are directly supported. It is also possible to add colour to regular expression matches and highlight differences between two arbitrary R objects.
Authors:	Mike Cheng [aut, cre, cph]
Maintainer:	Mike Cheng <[email protected]>
License:	MIT + file LICENSE
Version:	0.1.8
Built:	2024-06-28 06:36:19 UTC
Source:	CRAN

Convert a data.frame, matrix or atomic vector into an emphatic version

Description

This usually does not need to be called explicitly by the user.

Usage

as_emphatic(.data)
as_emphatic(.data)

Arguments

.data

data.frame, matrix or atomic vector

Details

The function adds the attributes necessary for keeping track of the colours assigned to each cell. This consists of 2 character matrices - one for the text colour and one for the background colour.

Colour information is stored as R colour names (e.g. 'red') or 6 character hex colours (e.g. '#ff0000').

Value

An emphatic version of the given .data with added attributes for text and fill colours

Examples

mtcars |>
  head() |>
  as_emphatic()
mtcars |>
  head() |>
  as_emphatic()

Render an emphatic object to HTML

Description

Render an emphatic object to HTML

Usage

as_html(
  x,
  ...,
  font_size = NULL,
  style = list(),
  complete = FALSE,
  browsable = FALSE
)
as_html(
  x,
  ...,
  font_size = NULL,
  style = list(),
  complete = FALSE,
  browsable = FALSE
)

Arguments

`x`	emphatic object
`...`	other arguments passed to `as.character.emphatic()`
`font_size`	CSS font-size. Default: NULL means to not adjust font size. Otherwise, use valid CSS `font-size` specification e.g. "3em", "22px" etc.
`style`	html tag styling to apply to the `<pre>` wrapper for the returned HTML
`complete`	logical. Default: FALSE. If TRUE, then add DOCTYPE and the tags for 'html', 'body' and 'head' to make a complete standalone html file.
`browsable`	Should the SVG be rendered to the RStudio Viewer pane when when printed (instead of console output)? Default: FALSE

Value

Character string containing HTML representation

Examples

hl_diff('hello', 'there') |>
  as_html() |>
  cat()
hl_diff('hello', 'there') |>
  as_html() |>
  cat()

Render an emphatic object to Latex

Description

Render an emphatic object to Latex

Usage

as_latex(x, ..., font_size = NULL)
as_latex(x, ..., font_size = NULL)

Arguments

`x`	emphatic object
`...`	other arguments passed to `as.character.emphatic()`
`font_size`	Integer value indicating font size measured in points. Default: NULL.

Value

single character string containing a latex representation

Examples

hl_diff("hello", "there") |>
  as_latex() |>
  cat()
hl_diff("hello", "there") |>
  as_latex() |>
  cat()

Wrap a single emphatic object into an SVG for display

Description

This is mainly useful within a github README.md since github will not rendered html-styled text in colour, but will render it correctly if it is within a <svg> tags.

Usage

as_svg(
  x,
  width = 1200,
  height = 900,
  ...,
  font_size = NULL,
  style = list(),
  browsable = FALSE
)
as_svg(
  x,
  width = 1200,
  height = 900,
  ...,
  font_size = NULL,
  style = list(),
  browsable = FALSE
)

Arguments

`x`	emphatic object
`width`, `height`	viewBox dimensions for SVG
`...`	other arguments passed to `as.character.emphatic()`
`font_size`	CSS font-size. Default: NULL means to not adjust font size. Otherwise, use valid CSS `font-size` specification e.g. "3em", "22px" etc.
`style`	html tag styling to apply to the `<pre>` wrapper for the returned HTML
`browsable`	Should the SVG be rendered to the RStudio Viewer pane when when printed (instead of console output)? Default: FALSE

Details

This is just a the results of as_html() wrapped in <svg> tags

Value

Character string containing SVG representation

Examples

hl_diff('hello', 'there') |>
  as_svg() |>
  cat()
hl_diff('hello', 'there') |>
  as_svg() |>
  cat()

Wrap multiple emphatic object into an SVG animation

Description

Idea borrowed from pointblank

Usage

as_svg_anim(
  x,
  width = 1200,
  height = 900,
  duration = 1,
  playback = c("infinite", "click"),
  font_size = NULL,
  style = list(),
  svg_id = NULL,
  browsable = FALSE
)
as_svg_anim(
  x,
  width = 1200,
  height = 900,
  duration = 1,
  playback = c("infinite", "click"),
  font_size = NULL,
  style = list(),
  svg_id = NULL,
  browsable = FALSE
)

Arguments

`x`	list of emphatic objects
`width`, `height`	viewBox dimensions for SVG
`duration`	frame duration in seconds. May be a single value used for all frames, or a vector of values (one duration value for each frame). Can be fractions of a second.
`playback`	'click', 'infinite'
`font_size`	CSS font-size. Default: NULL means to not adjust font size. Otherwise, use valid CSS `font-size` specification e.g. "3em", "22px" etc.
`style`	html tag styling to apply to the `<pre>` wrapper for the returned HTML
`svg_id`	ID to use for the SVG tag. Default: NULL means to create a random ID
`browsable`	Should the SVG be rendered to the RStudio Viewer pane when when printed (instead of console output)? Default: FALSE

Value

Character string containing an animated SVG representation displaying all elements sequentially

Examples

list(
  hl_diff('hello', 'there'),
  hl_diff('goodbye', 'good boy')
) |>
  as_svg_anim() |>
  cat()
list(
  hl_diff('hello', 'there'),
  hl_diff('goodbye', 'good boy')
) |>
  as_svg_anim() |>
  cat()

Wrap an emphatic object to part of an SVG

Description

This function wraps html in SVG group tags (i.e. <g>). This may then be wrapped in <svg> tags to create a stand-along SVG.

Usage

as_svg_group(
  x,
  width = 1200,
  height = 900,
  font_size = NULL,
  style = list(),
  visible = TRUE,
  extra = NULL,
  ...
)
as_svg_group(
  x,
  width = 1200,
  height = 900,
  font_size = NULL,
  style = list(),
  visible = TRUE,
  extra = NULL,
  ...
)

Arguments

`x`	emphatic object
`width`, `height`	viewBox dimensions for SVG
`font_size`	CSS font-size. Default: NULL means to not adjust font size. Otherwise, use valid CSS `font-size` specification e.g. "3em", "22px" etc.
`style`	html tag styling to apply to the `<pre>` wrapper for the returned HTML
`visible`	should the group be visible? Default: TRUE. When animating, every frame other than the first should be set as `visible = FALSE`.
`extra`	extra tags to insert into group. default NULL
`...`	other arguments passed to `as.character.emphatic()`

Details

This function is used internall by both as_svg() and as_svg_anim()

Value

Character string containing representation as an SVG group element i.e. <g>. This result is suitable for combining with other SVG elements into a custom SVG document.

Examples

hl_diff('hello', 'there') |>
  as_svg_group() |>
  cat()
hl_diff('hello', 'there') |>
  as_svg_group() |>
  cat()

Render an emphatic object to typst

Description

Render an emphatic object to typst

Usage

as_typst(x, ..., font_size = 10, font = NA, line_spacing = 0.3)
as_typst(x, ..., font_size = 10, font = NA, line_spacing = 0.3)

Arguments

`x`	emphatic object
`...`	other arguments passed to `as.character.emphatic()`
`font_size`	font size in points. default: 10
`font`	name of font. Default: NA means to just use the default raw font
`line_spacing`	line spacing in `em` units. Default: 0.3

Value

Character string containing typst representation

Examples

hl_diff("hello", "there") |>
  as_typst() |>
  cat()
hl_diff("hello", "there") |>
  as_typst() |>
  cat()

Convert an `emphatic` data.frame, matrix or atomic vector into a character string.

Description

The output contains ANSI escape codes to colour the elements in the object. This string would then be suitable to pass on to fansi for further manipulation e.g. conversion to HTML for displaying in a vignette.

Usage

## S3 method for class 'emphatic'
as.character(x, ..., mode = "ansi")
## S3 method for class 'emphatic'
as.character(x, ..., mode = "ansi")

Arguments

`x`	`emphatic` data.frame, matrix or atomic vector
`...`	other arguments passed on to `format()`
`mode`	Render mode 'ansi' (default) or 'html' determines how the colours will be represented in text. If you're in a terminal or console, then choose 'ansi'.

Value

A character string of the requested mode

Examples

mtcars |>
  as_emphatic() |>
  as.character()
mtcars |>
  as_emphatic() |>
  as.character()

Challenger o-ring dataset

Description

A dataset containing information about the o-ring status of the flights leading up to the Space Shuttle Challenger distaster.

Usage

challenger
challenger

Format

A data.frame

flight: Flight number
temp: Launch temperature (Fahrenheit)
erosion: Number of o-ring erosion incidents
blowby: Number of o-ring blow-by incidents
damage: Damage severity index
date: Date of launch

Details

Sourced from a table in Tufte's "Visual and Statistical Thinking"

Highlight elements in a data.frame

Description

Highlight elements in a data.frame by specifying rows and columns, and the colour to be applied. The colour can be either a vector of colours expressed as characters (e.g. 'red', '#ff0000'), or a ggplot2 Scale object e.g. scale_colour_viridis_c().

Usage

hl(
  .data,
  palette,
  rows = NULL,
  cols = NULL,
  scale_apply,
  elem = "fill",
  show_legend = FALSE,
  opts = hl_opts()
)
hl(
  .data,
  palette,
  rows = NULL,
  cols = NULL,
  scale_apply,
  elem = "fill",
  show_legend = FALSE,
  opts = hl_opts()
)

Arguments

`.data`	`emphatic` data.frame
`palette`	colours to use for highlighting. This may be a single R colour, a vector of R colours, or a `ggplot2` style "Scale" object e.g. `scale_colour_continuous()`.
`rows`, `cols`	specification for rows and columns to target. Default is NULL for both rows and columns, which will target all columns/rows. When `palette` argument is a `scale` object, then `cols` indicates the columns which will be used to calculate the extents of the scale.
`scale_apply`	Only valid when palette is a `scale` object, specify the target columns to colour. If missing (the default), this function will only colour the column specified in the `cols` argument. Use NULL to colour all columns.
`elem`	Apply the highlighting to the 'fill' (the background) or the 'text'. Default: 'fill'
`show_legend`	if a scale object is used for colour, and `show_legend = TRUE`, then a colourbar legend will be added to the bottom of the output. Default: FALSE
`opts`	create options list

Value

An emphatic object suitable to output to console (for example)

Row and Column Specifications

Specifying rows and columns can be done in a number of ways. These methods are similar to the ideas of tidyselect and dplyr commands such as filter() and select()

numeric vector: row or column indices specified as a numeric vector e.g. c(1, 2, 8)
character vector: vector of names matching row or column names e.g. c('mpg', 'wt')
vector of symbols/names: vector of symbols which will be evaluated as column names e.g. c(mpg, wt)
numeric range: range of indices specified using the : operator e.g. 1:8
symbolic range: range of columns specified using the : operator e.g. mpg:wt
tidyselect-style selectors: starts_with(), ends_with(), everything(), all_of(), any_of(), matches() contains(), row_number(), n(). These work similar to dplyr and tidyselect but are bespoke implementations so there may be some differences
NULL: specifying NULL means that all rows/columns will be selected
all(): specifying all() means that all rows/columns will be selected
code that will evaluate to row positions: For row selection only, the user can specify code which will evaluate to a logical vector of rows which the highlighting should apply to. These will look like statements used in dplyr::filter(). E.g. cyl == 6 & mpg > 20

Examples

# Simple
mtcars |>
  head() |>
  hl(c('red', 'blue'))

# More involved example
mtcars |>
  head() |>
  hl(
    ggplot2::scale_colour_viridis_c(),
    rows = cyl == 6,
    cols = mpg,
    scale_apply = c(mpg, cyl)
  )
# Simple
mtcars |>
  head() |>
  hl(c('red', 'blue'))

# More involved example
mtcars |>
  head() |>
  hl(
    ggplot2::scale_colour_viridis_c(),
    rows = cyl == 6,
    cols = mpg,
    scale_apply = c(mpg, cyl)
  )

Set options for printing on the emphatic matrix or data.frame

Description

Set options for printing on the emphatic matrix or data.frame

Usage

hl_adjust(.data, na, full_colour, text_mode, text_contrast)
hl_adjust(.data, na, full_colour, text_mode, text_contrast)

Arguments

`.data`	emphatic matrix or data.frame
`na`	Character string to display for NA values. Default 'NA'
`full_colour`	Use 24bit ANSI escape codes? default: FALSE - use 8bit colour. Note: RStudio only supports 8 bit ANSI output (24bit ANSI is rendered invisibly in Rstudio). For 24bit colour output, try R in the terminal e.g. 'iTerm' on OSX.
`text_mode`	How to handle text if no text colour has been explicitly specified by the user. contrast (default) automatically select a contrasting colour for enhanced readability. asis render text in the default text colour for the output device, unless the user has already specified a text colour at this location remove remove all text without a user-defined colour
`text_contrast`	When `text_mode='contrast'` this numeric value in range [0, 1] adjusts the visibility. Default: 1 (high contrast)

Value

emphatic object with updated options

Examples

mtcars |>
  hl('red') |>
  hl_adjust(text_contrast = 0.3)
mtcars |>
  hl('red') |>
  hl_adjust(text_contrast = 0.3)

Colour the differences between character representations of objects

Description

Highlight the differences between two strings in terms of substitutions, insertions and deletions calculated by the generalized Levenshtein (edit) distance (using adist())

Usage

hl_diff(
  x,
  y,
  coerce = "default",
  fill = NULL,
  text = NULL,
  opts = hl_opts(),
  sep = NULL,
  ...
)
hl_diff(
  x,
  y,
  coerce = "default",
  fill = NULL,
  text = NULL,
  opts = hl_opts(),
  sep = NULL,
  ...
)

Arguments

`x`, `y`	each argument is a single string. vectors of strings not currently supported.
`coerce`	How should non-character arguments be coerced to character strings? default - the given object `x` must already be a character string character - performs the matching after first calling `as.character(x)` print - performs the matching against the default `print(x)` output deparse - performs the matching after first calling `deparse1(x)` str - performs the matching on the output of calling `str(x)`
`fill`	named list of colours for substitutions, insertions and deletions with names 'sub', 'ins' and 'del'. If set to NULL (the default) then default colours will be used.
`text`	named list of colours for the text for 'sub', 'ins' and 'del' operations. If `NULL`, then colours which contrast with `fill` will be chosen automatically
`opts`	create options list
`sep`	character string of the line separating the two objects. Default: `NULL` for no separation. Use the empty string to insert an empty line.
`...`	further arguments passed to `adist()`

Details

This works character-by-character, so the displayed difference for multiline strings can be quite busy if there are a lot of changes.

Value

list of 'emphatic' objects which could be rendered to ANSI (for example)

Examples

hl_diff('hello', 'there')
hl_diff('hello', 'there')

Colour highlighting a regular expression search

Description

Highlight text within an R object which matches a given regex. This only works in a terminal which supports ANSI colour codes.

There are slightly different versions of the highlighting function depending upon which text version of the object you'd like to match against:

Usage

hl_grep(
  x,
  pattern,
  coerce = "default",
  opts = hl_opts(),
  fill = NULL,
  text = NULL,
  ...,
  perl = TRUE
)
hl_grep(
  x,
  pattern,
  coerce = "default",
  opts = hl_opts(),
  fill = NULL,
  text = NULL,
  ...,
  perl = TRUE
)

Arguments

`x`	character string
`pattern`	regular expression string. Note: don't get too fancy here
`coerce`	How should non-character arguments be coerced to character strings? default - the given object `x` must already be a character string character - performs the matching after first calling `as.character(x)` print - performs the matching against the default `print(x)` output deparse - performs the matching after first calling `deparse1(x)` str - performs the matching on the output of calling `str(x)`
`opts`	create options list
`fill`	solid colour for background. If `NULL` (the default), then the default colour will be selected
`text`	text colour. If `NULL` (the default), then a colour will be seleted which contrasts with the `fill` colour.
`...`	extra args passed to `gsub`
`perl`	logical. use perl style regex. default: TRUE

Value

An emphatic object suitable to output to console (for example)

Examples

hl_grep(mode, 'switch')
hl_grep(mode, 'switch')

Create a set of options

Description

Create a set of options

Usage

hl_opts(
  na = getOption("HL_NA", "NA"),
  full_colour = getOption("HL_FULL_COLOUR", FALSE),
  text_mode = getOption("HL_TEXT_MODE", "contrast"),
  text_contrast = getOption("HL_TEXT_CONTRAST", 1)
)
hl_opts(
  na = getOption("HL_NA", "NA"),
  full_colour = getOption("HL_FULL_COLOUR", FALSE),
  text_mode = getOption("HL_TEXT_MODE", "contrast"),
  text_contrast = getOption("HL_TEXT_CONTRAST", 1)
)

Arguments

`na`	Character string to display for NA values. Default 'NA'
`full_colour`	Use 24bit ANSI escape codes? default: FALSE - use 8bit colour. Note: RStudio only supports 8 bit ANSI output (24bit ANSI is rendered invisibly in Rstudio). For 24bit colour output, try R in the terminal e.g. 'iTerm' on OSX.
`text_mode`	How to handle text if no text colour has been explicitly specified by the user. contrast (default) automatically select a contrasting colour for enhanced readability. asis render text in the default text colour for the output device, unless the user has already specified a text colour at this location remove remove all text without a user-defined colour
`text_contrast`	When `text_mode='contrast'` this numeric value in range [0, 1] adjusts the visibility. Default: 1 (high contrast)

Value

named list of standard options

Examples

# Generate a standard set of options
hl_opts()
# Generate a standard set of options
hl_opts()

Check if data.frame, matrix or atomic vector is a valid emphatic version

Description

Check if data.frame, matrix or atomic vector is a valid emphatic version

Usage

is_emphatic(x)
is_emphatic(x)

Arguments

`x`	Object to test

Value

Logical value

Examples

mtcars |>
  hl('red') |>
  is_emphatic()
mtcars |>
  hl('red') |>
  is_emphatic()

Automatically output emphatic objects to HTML knitted documents.

Description

Automatically output emphatic objects to HTML knitted documents.

Usage

knit_print.emphatic(x, style = list(), ...)
knit_print.emphatic(x, style = list(), ...)

Arguments

`x`	emphatic object
`style`	html tag styling to apply to the `<pre>` wrapper for the returned HTML
`...`	other arguments passed to `as.character.emphatic()`

Value

a character vector suitable for output during an rmarkdown render

Examples

mtcars |>
  hl('red') |>
  knit_print.emphatic()
mtcars |>
  hl('red') |>
  knit_print.emphatic()

Print an `emphatic` data.frame, matrix or atomic vector

Description

Print an emphatic data.frame, matrix or atomic vector

Usage

## S3 method for class 'emphatic'
print(x, ...)
## S3 method for class 'emphatic'
print(x, ...)

Arguments

`x`	`emphatic` data.frame, matrix or atomic vector
`...`	other arguments passed on to `format()`

Value

None.

Examples

mtcars |>
  head() |>
  hl('red') |>
  print()
mtcars |>
  head() |>
  hl('red') |>
  print()

Monthly Southern Sea Ice Area over the last 40 years

Description

From the 'National Snow and Ice Data Center' https://nsidc.org/data/g02135

Usage

sea_ice_area
sea_ice_area

Format

Matrix of sea ice area, monthly from 1978 to 2020.

Show HTML or SVG content in the rstudio viewer pane

Description

Show HTML or SVG content in the rstudio viewer pane

Usage

show_html(x, viewer = getOption("viewer", utils::browseURL))
show_html(x, viewer = getOption("viewer", utils::browseURL))

Arguments

`x`	svg or html
`viewer`	function which activates viewer

Value

None

Examples


# This example will try and spawn an external viewer for HTML content
hl_grep(mode, "switch") |>
  as_html() |>
  show_html()

# This example will try and spawn an external viewer for HTML content
hl_grep(mode, "switch") |>
  as_html() |>
  show_html()

Monthly total rainfall in Centennial Park, Sydney, Australia

Description

From the Australian Bureau of Meteorology

Usage

sydney_rain
sydney_rain

Format

data.frame with each row representing a year, and each column representing a month of that year

Write an emphatic data.frame to an Excel workbook

Description

Requires openxlsx package

Usage

write_xlsx(x, xlsx_filename, colNames = TRUE, opts = hl_opts())
write_xlsx(x, xlsx_filename, colNames = TRUE, opts = hl_opts())

Arguments

`x`	emphatic data.frame object
`xlsx_filename`	xlsx filename
`colNames`	Display column names? logical. Default: TRUE
`opts`	rendering options

Value

None

Examples

mtcars |>
   hl('blue') |>
   write_xlsx(tempfile())
mtcars |>
   hl('blue') |>
   write_xlsx(tempfile())

Package 'emphatic'

Help Index

Convert a data.frame, matrix or atomic vector into an emphatic version

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Value

Examples

Render an emphatic object to HTML

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Examples

Render an emphatic object to Latex

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Examples

Wrap a single emphatic object into an SVG for display

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Value

Examples

Wrap multiple emphatic object into an SVG animation

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Examples

Wrap an emphatic object to part of an SVG

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Value

Examples

Render an emphatic object to typst

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Examples

Convert an emphatic data.frame, matrix or atomic vector into a character string.

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Examples

Challenger o-ring dataset

Description

Usage

Format

Details

Highlight elements in a data.frame

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Row and Column Specifications

Examples

Set options for printing on the emphatic matrix or data.frame

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Examples

Colour the differences between character representations of objects

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Value

Examples

Colour highlighting a regular expression search

Description

Convert an `emphatic` data.frame, matrix or atomic vector into a character string.

Print an `emphatic` data.frame, matrix or atomic vector